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Site selective C-H functionalization of Mitragyna alkaloids reveals a molecular switch for tuning opioid receptor signaling efficacy

S. Bhowmik, J. Galeta, V. Havel, M. Nelson, A. Faouzi, B. Bechand, M. Ansonoff, T. Fiala, A. Hunkele, AC. Kruegel, JE. Pintar, S. Majumdar, JA. Javitch, D. Sames

. 2021 ; 12 (1) : 3858. [pub] 20210622

Language English Country Great Britain

Document type Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Grant support
P30 CA008748 NCI NIH HHS - United States
R01 DA046487 NIDA NIH HHS - United States
R21 AA026949 NIAAA NIH HHS - United States
R21 DA045884 NIDA NIH HHS - United States

Mitragynine (MG) is the most abundant alkaloid component of the psychoactive plant material "kratom", which according to numerous anecdotal reports shows efficacy in self-medication for pain syndromes, depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. We have developed a synthetic method for selective functionalization of the unexplored C11 position of the MG scaffold (C6 position in indole numbering) via the use of an indole-ethylene glycol adduct and subsequent iridium-catalyzed borylation. Through this work we discover that C11 represents a key locant for fine-tuning opioid receptor signaling efficacy. 7-Hydroxymitragynine (7OH), the parent compound with low efficacy on par with buprenorphine, is transformed to an even lower efficacy agonist by introducing a fluorine substituent in this position (11-F-7OH), as demonstrated in vitro at both mouse and human mu opioid receptors (mMOR/hMOR) and in vivo in mouse analgesia tests. Low efficacy opioid agonists are of high interest as candidates for generating safer opioid medications with mitigated adverse effects.

References provided by Crossref.org

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