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Site selective C-H functionalization of Mitragyna alkaloids reveals a molecular switch for tuning opioid receptor signaling efficacy
S. Bhowmik, J. Galeta, V. Havel, M. Nelson, A. Faouzi, B. Bechand, M. Ansonoff, T. Fiala, A. Hunkele, AC. Kruegel, JE. Pintar, S. Majumdar, JA. Javitch, D. Sames
Language English Country Great Britain
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Grant support
P30 CA008748
NCI NIH HHS - United States
R01 DA046487
NIDA NIH HHS - United States
R21 AA026949
NIAAA NIH HHS - United States
R21 DA045884
NIDA NIH HHS - United States
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- MeSH
- Analgesics chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Models, Chemical MeSH
- Ethylene Glycol chemistry MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mitragyna chemistry MeSH
- Molecular Structure MeSH
- Mice, Knockout MeSH
- Receptors, Opioid, mu agonists genetics metabolism MeSH
- Plant Extracts chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Protein Binding MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
Mitragynine (MG) is the most abundant alkaloid component of the psychoactive plant material "kratom", which according to numerous anecdotal reports shows efficacy in self-medication for pain syndromes, depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. We have developed a synthetic method for selective functionalization of the unexplored C11 position of the MG scaffold (C6 position in indole numbering) via the use of an indole-ethylene glycol adduct and subsequent iridium-catalyzed borylation. Through this work we discover that C11 represents a key locant for fine-tuning opioid receptor signaling efficacy. 7-Hydroxymitragynine (7OH), the parent compound with low efficacy on par with buprenorphine, is transformed to an even lower efficacy agonist by introducing a fluorine substituent in this position (11-F-7OH), as demonstrated in vitro at both mouse and human mu opioid receptors (mMOR/hMOR) and in vivo in mouse analgesia tests. Low efficacy opioid agonists are of high interest as candidates for generating safer opioid medications with mitigated adverse effects.
Department of Chemistry Columbia University New York NY USA
Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology Rutgers University New Jersey NJ 08854 USA
Division of Molecular Therapeutics New York State Psychiatric Institute New York NY USA
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry ETH Zürich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
NeuroTechnology Center at Columbia University New York NY USA
The Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute at Columbia University New York NY USA
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a Mitragynine (MG) is the most abundant alkaloid component of the psychoactive plant material "kratom", which according to numerous anecdotal reports shows efficacy in self-medication for pain syndromes, depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. We have developed a synthetic method for selective functionalization of the unexplored C11 position of the MG scaffold (C6 position in indole numbering) via the use of an indole-ethylene glycol adduct and subsequent iridium-catalyzed borylation. Through this work we discover that C11 represents a key locant for fine-tuning opioid receptor signaling efficacy. 7-Hydroxymitragynine (7OH), the parent compound with low efficacy on par with buprenorphine, is transformed to an even lower efficacy agonist by introducing a fluorine substituent in this position (11-F-7OH), as demonstrated in vitro at both mouse and human mu opioid receptors (mMOR/hMOR) and in vivo in mouse analgesia tests. Low efficacy opioid agonists are of high interest as candidates for generating safer opioid medications with mitigated adverse effects.
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