Members of the family Pospiviroidae have single-stranded circular RNA genomes that adopt a rod-like or a quasi-rod-like conformation. These genomes contain a central conserved region that is involved in replication in the nucleus through an asymmetric RNA-RNA rolling-circle mechanism. Members of the family Pospiviroidae lack the hammerhead ribozymes that are typical of viroids classified in the family Avsunviroidae. The family Pospiviroidae includes the genera Apscaviroid, Cocadviroid, Coleviroid, Hostuviroid and Pospiviroid, with >25 species. This is a summary of the ICTV Report on the family Pospiviroidae, which is available at ictv.global/report/pospiviroidae.

Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science Hirosaki University Hirosaki 036 8561 Japan

Institute of Plant Molecular Biology Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic

Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Valencia 46010 Spain

Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Bari 70126 Italy

Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Beltsville MD 20705 USA

Plant Protection Organization of the Netherlands Wageningen 6700 HC Netherlands

School of Agriculture Food and Wine The University of Adelaide Waite Campus Glen Osmond SA 5064 Australia

State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 PR China

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