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The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub-region: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study
JA. Haagsma, P. Charalampous, F. Ariani, A. Gallay, K. Moesgaard Iburg, E. Nena, CH. Ngwa, A. Rommel, A. Zelviene, KH. Abegaz, H. Al Hamad, L. Albano, C. Liliana Andrei, T. Andrei, IC. Antonazzo, O. Aremu, A. Arumugam, A. Atreya, A. Aujayeb, JL....
Language English Country Great Britain
Document type Journal Article
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- Journal Article MeSH
BACKGROUND: Injury remains a major concern to public health in the European region. Previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study showed wide variation in injury death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) rates across Europe, indicating injury inequality gaps between sub-regions and countries. The objectives of this study were to: 1) compare GBD 2019 estimates on injury mortality and DALYs across European sub-regions and countries by cause-of-injury category and sex; 2) examine changes in injury DALY rates over a 20 year-period by cause-of-injury category, sub-region and country; and 3) assess inequalities in injury mortality and DALY rates across the countries. METHODS: We performed a secondary database descriptive study using the GBD 2019 results on injuries in 44 European countries from 2000 to 2019. Inequality in DALY rates between these countries was assessed by calculating the DALY rate ratio between the highest-ranking country and lowest-ranking country in each year. RESULTS: In 2019, in Eastern Europe 80 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 71 to 89] people per 100,000 died from injuries; twice as high compared to Central Europe (38 injury deaths per 100,000; 95% UI 34 to 42) and three times as high compared to Western Europe (27 injury deaths per 100,000; 95%UI 25 to 28). The injury DALY rates showed less pronounced differences between Eastern (5129 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 4547 to 5864), Central (2940 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 2452 to 3546) and Western Europe (1782 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 1523 to 2115). Injury DALY rate was lowest in Italy (1489 DALYs per 100,000) and highest in Ukraine (5553 DALYs per 100,000). The difference in injury DALY rates by country was larger for males compared to females. The DALY rate ratio was highest in 2005, with DALY rate in the lowest-ranking country (Russian Federation) 6.0 times higher compared to the highest-ranking country (Malta). After 2005, the DALY rate ratio between the lowest- and the highest-ranking country gradually decreased to 3.7 in 2019. CONCLUSIONS: Injury mortality and DALY rates were highest in Eastern Europe and lowest in Western Europe, although differences in injury DALY rates declined rapidly, particularly in the past decade. The injury DALY rate ratio of highest- and lowest-ranking country declined from 2005 onwards, indicating declining inequalities in injuries between European countries.
Academic Public Health Department Public Health England London UK
Addictology Department Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education Moscow Russia
Administrative and Economic Sciences Department University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania
Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry University of Porto Porto Portugal
Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren Hospital Beijing China
Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network Madrid Spain
Cardiology Department Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest Romania
Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies Barcelona Spain
Center for Innovation in Medical Education Pomeranian Medical University Szczecin Poland
Centre for Medical Informatics University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
Clinic of Social and Family Medicine School of Medicine University of Crete Crete Greece
Clinical Dermatology IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi University of Milan Milan Italy
Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology Unit Dr Zora Profozic Polyclinic Zagreb Croatia
Community Nursing Unit Ireland Hospital Abbeyleix Ireland
Department No 16 Moscow Research and Practical Centre On Addictions Moscow Russia
Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics Madda Walabu University Bale Robe Ethiopia
Department of Biostatistics Near East University Nicosia Cyprus
Department of Chemical Sciences University of Porto Porto Portugal
Department of Chemistry University of Porto Porto Portugal
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Catania Catania Italy
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan Milan Italy
Department of Dermatology Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA
Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring Robert Koch Institute Berlin Germany
Department of Epidemiology University of Kragujevac Kragujevac Serbia
Department of Experimental Medicine University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Naples Italy
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health University of Opole Opole Poland
Department of Family Medicine United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates
Department of Forensic Medicine Lumbini Medical College Palpa Nepal
Department of General Surgery Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest Romania
Department of General Surgery Emergency Hospital of Bucharest Bucharest Romania
Department of General Surgery University General Hospital of Patras Patras Greece
Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences Tulane University New Orleans LA USA
Department of Global Health Economics and Policy University of Kragujevac Kragujevac Serbia
Department of Health and Behavior Studies Teachers College Columbia University New York NY USA
Department of Health Sciences School of Sciences European University Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus
Department of Healthcare Faculty of Public Health University of Vlora Vlora Albania
Department of Hypertension Medical University of Lodz Lodz Poland
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna Bologna Italy
Department of Medical Statistics London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK
Department of Medicine University of Valencia Valencia Spain
Department of Mental Health AUSL Romagna Cesena Italy
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
Department of Neurology University Hospital of Larissa University of Thessaly Larissa Greece
Department of Non Communicable Diseases and Injuries Santé Publique France Saint Maurice France
Department of Nursing and Health Promotion Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo Norway
Department of Ophthalmology Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of Larissa Larissa Greece
Department of Orthopedics University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht Netherlands
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Father Muller Medical College Mangalore India
Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto Brazil
Department of Primary Care and Mental Health University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
Department of Primary Care and Public Health Imperial College London London UK
Department of Psychiatry University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya
Department of Psychology Reykjavik University Reykjavik Iceland
Department of Psychosocial Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway
Department of Public Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine Sustainable Health Umea University Umea Sweden
Department of Public Health Birmingham City University Birmingham UK
Department of Public Health Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico 2 Naples Italy
Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Charles University Hradec Kralova Prague Czech Republic
Department of Statistics and Econometrics Bucharest University of Economic Studies Bucharest Romania
Department of Translational Medicine University of Eastern Piedmont Novara Italy
Division of Clinical Geriatrics Department of Neurobiology Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden
Division of General Internal Medicine Harvard University Boston MA USA
Division of Neurology Department of Medicine University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
Division of Psychology and Language Sciences University College London London UK
Division of Respirology Department of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton Canada
Epidemiology Unit Central Tuscany Local Health Authority Florence Italy
Experimental Surgery and Oncology Laboratory Kursk State Medical University Kursk Russia
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Coventry University Coventry UK
Faculty of Health and Social Sciences Bournemouth University Bournemouth UK
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King's College London London UK
Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Leeds Leeds UK
Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
Faculty of Medicine University of Porto Porto Portugal
Faculty of Social Sciences Unit of Health Sciences Tampere University Tampere Finland
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health Helsinki Finland
Forensic Medicine Division Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia
Geriatrics and Long Term Care Department Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
Gerontology Research Center Tampere University Tampere Finland
Global South Health Services and Research GSHS Amsterdam The Netherlands
Health Systems and Policy Research Unit Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria
Heidelberg Institute of Global Health Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany
Hospital Universitario de La Princesa Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa Madrid Spain
Icelandic Centre for Social Research and Analysis Reykjavik Iceland
Institute for Research and Innovation in Health University of Porto Porto Portugal
Institute of Applied Health Research University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council Pisa Italy
Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
Institute of Hygiene Health Information Center Kaunas Lithuania
Institute of Public Health Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
Institute of Public Health United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates
Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies Gandra Portugal
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Dhaka Bangladesh
International Research Center of Excellence Institute of Human Virology Nigeria Abuja Nigeria
IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Milan Italy
Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics Moscow Research and Practical Centre On Addictions Moscow Russia
Laboratory of Social Medicine Medical School Democritus University of Thrace Alexandroupolis Greece
Laboratory of Toxicology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Porto Porto Portugal
Lincoln International Institute for Rural Health University of Lincoln Lincoln UK
National Center On Addictions and Doping Istituto Superiore Di Sanità Rome Italy
National School of Public Health Institute of Health Carlos 3 Madrid Spain
Neurology Unit Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
NIHR Global Health Research Unit On Global Surgery University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust Cramlington UK
Occupational Health Unit Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital Bologna Italy
Pediatrics Department Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education Moscow Russia
Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital Research Institute Lodz Poland
Primary Care Department NHS North West London London England
Professional Association of Licensed Optometry Professionals Linda a Velha Portugal
Psychology Department University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
Public Health Laboratories Hellenic Pasteur Institute Athens Greece
Research and Development Unit San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park Sant Boi de Llobregat Spain
Research Center On Public Health University of Milan Bicocca Monza Italy
Research Institute for Sustainable Land Development University of Extremadura Caceres Spain
Research Unit On Applied Molecular Biosciences University of Porto Porto Portugal
School of Health Sciences Kristiania University College Oslo Norway
School of Health Sciences University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
School of International Development and Global Studies University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada
School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences King's College London London UK
School of Public Health and Health Management University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
School of Public Health University of Haifa Haifa Israel
Surgery Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland
T H Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Boston MA USA
The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Oxford UK
Therapeutic Department Balashiha Central Hospital Balashikha Russia
University Centre Varazdin University North Varazdin Croatia
University College London Hospitals London UK
Vision and Eye Research Institute Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge UK
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- $a Haagsma, Juanita A $u Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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- $a The burden of injury in Central, Eastern, and Western European sub-region: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study / $c JA. Haagsma, P. Charalampous, F. Ariani, A. Gallay, K. Moesgaard Iburg, E. Nena, CH. Ngwa, A. Rommel, A. Zelviene, KH. Abegaz, H. Al Hamad, L. Albano, C. Liliana Andrei, T. Andrei, IC. Antonazzo, O. Aremu, A. Arumugam, A. Atreya, A. Aujayeb, JL. Ayuso-Mateos, L. Engelbert Bain, M. Banach, T. Winfried Bärnighausen, F. Barone-Adesi, M. Beghi, DA. Bennett, AS. Bhagavathula, F. Carvalho, G. Castelpietra, L. Caterina, JS. Chandan, RAS. Couto, N. Cruz-Martins, G. Damiani, A. Dastiridou, AK. Demetriades, D. Dias-da-Silva, A. Francis Fagbamigbe, SM. Fereshtehnejad, E. Fernandes, P. Ferrara, F. Fischer, U. Fra Paleo, S. Ghirini, JC. Glasbey, IR. Glavan, NGM. Gomes, M. Grivna, NI. Harlianto, JM. Haro, MT. Hasan, S. Hostiuc, I. Iavicoli, MD. Ilic, IM. Ilic, M. Jakovljevic, JB. Jonas, J. Jerzy Jozwiak, M. Jürisson, JH. Kauppila, GA. Kayode, MAB. Khan, A. Kisa, S. Kisa, A. Koyanagi, M. Kumar, OP. Kurmi, C. La-Vecchia, D. Lamnisos, S. Lasrado, P. Lauriola, S. Linn, JA. Loureiro, R. Lunevicius, A. Madureira-Carvalho, EA. Mechili, A. Majeed, RG. Menezes, AA. Mentis, A. Meretoja, T. Mestrovic, T. Miazgowski, B. Miazgowski, A. Mirica, M. Molokhia, S. Mohammed, L. Monasta, F. Mulita, M. David Naimzada, I. Negoi, S. Neupane, B. Oancea, H. Orru, A. Otoiu, N. Otstavnov, SS. Otstavnov, A. Padron-Monedero, S. Panda-Jonas, S. Pardhan, J. Patel, P. Pedersini, M. Pinheiro, I. Rakovac, CR. Rao, S. Rawaf, DL. Rawaf, V. Rodrigues, L. Ronfani, D. Sagoe, F. Sanmarchi, MM. Santric-Milicevic, B. Sathian, A. Sheikh, R. Shiri, S. Shivalli, I. Dora Sigfusdottir, R. Sigurvinsdottir, V. Yurievich Skryabin, A. Aleksandrovna Skryabina, CG. Smarandache, B. Socea, RARC. Sousa, P. Steiropoulos, R. Tabarés-Seisdedos, M. Roberto Tovani-Palone, F. Tozija, S. Van de Velde, T. Juhani Vasankari, M. Veroux, FS. Violante, V. Vlassov, Y. Wang, A. Yadollahpour, S. Yaya, M. Sergeevich Zastrozhin, A. Zastrozhina, S. Polinder, M. Majdan
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- $a BACKGROUND: Injury remains a major concern to public health in the European region. Previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study showed wide variation in injury death and disability adjusted life year (DALY) rates across Europe, indicating injury inequality gaps between sub-regions and countries. The objectives of this study were to: 1) compare GBD 2019 estimates on injury mortality and DALYs across European sub-regions and countries by cause-of-injury category and sex; 2) examine changes in injury DALY rates over a 20 year-period by cause-of-injury category, sub-region and country; and 3) assess inequalities in injury mortality and DALY rates across the countries. METHODS: We performed a secondary database descriptive study using the GBD 2019 results on injuries in 44 European countries from 2000 to 2019. Inequality in DALY rates between these countries was assessed by calculating the DALY rate ratio between the highest-ranking country and lowest-ranking country in each year. RESULTS: In 2019, in Eastern Europe 80 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 71 to 89] people per 100,000 died from injuries; twice as high compared to Central Europe (38 injury deaths per 100,000; 95% UI 34 to 42) and three times as high compared to Western Europe (27 injury deaths per 100,000; 95%UI 25 to 28). The injury DALY rates showed less pronounced differences between Eastern (5129 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 4547 to 5864), Central (2940 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 2452 to 3546) and Western Europe (1782 DALYs per 100,000; 95% UI: 1523 to 2115). Injury DALY rate was lowest in Italy (1489 DALYs per 100,000) and highest in Ukraine (5553 DALYs per 100,000). The difference in injury DALY rates by country was larger for males compared to females. The DALY rate ratio was highest in 2005, with DALY rate in the lowest-ranking country (Russian Federation) 6.0 times higher compared to the highest-ranking country (Malta). After 2005, the DALY rate ratio between the lowest- and the highest-ranking country gradually decreased to 3.7 in 2019. CONCLUSIONS: Injury mortality and DALY rates were highest in Eastern Europe and lowest in Western Europe, although differences in injury DALY rates declined rapidly, particularly in the past decade. The injury DALY rate ratio of highest- and lowest-ranking country declined from 2005 onwards, indicating declining inequalities in injuries between European countries.
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- 700 1_
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- $a Hasan, M Tasdik $u International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh $u Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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- $a Iavicoli, Ivo $u Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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- 700 1_
- $a Mechili, Enkeleint A $u Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Crete, Greece $u Department of Healthcare, Faculty of Public Health, University of Vlora, Vlora, Albania
- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
- $a Menezes, Ritesh G $u Forensic Medicine Division, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
- $a Monasta, Lorenzo $u Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
- 700 1_
- $a Mulita, Francesk $u Department of General Surgery, University General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
- 700 1_
- $a David Naimzada, Mukhammad $u Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia $u Experimental Surgery and Oncology Laboratory, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
- 700 1_
- $a Negoi, Ionut $u Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania $u Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- 700 1_
- $a Neupane, Subas $u Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland $u Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- 700 1_
- $a Oancea, Bogdan $u Administrative and Economic Sciences Department, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
- $a Otoiu, Adrian $u Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
- 700 1_
- $a Otstavnov, Nikita $u Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- 700 1_
- $a Otstavnov, Stanislav S $u Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia $u Department of Project Management, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
- $a Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra $u Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- 700 1_
- $a Pardhan, Shahina $u Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
- 700 1_
- $a Patel, Jay $u Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- 700 1_
- $a Pedersini, Paolo $u IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
- 700 1_
- $a Pinheiro, Marina $u Department of Chemistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- 700 1_
- $a Rakovac, Ivo $u World Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Moscow, Russian Federation
- 700 1_
- $a Rao, Chythra R $u Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- 700 1_
- $a Rawaf, Salman $u Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK $u Academic Public Health Department, Public Health England, London, UK
- 700 1_
- $a Rawaf, David Laith $u World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, UK $u University College London Hospitals, London, UK
- 700 1_
- $a Rodrigues, Violet $u Community Nursing Unit, Ireland Hospital, Abbeyleix, Ireland
- 700 1_
- $a Ronfani, Luca $u Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
- 700 1_
- $a Sagoe, Dominic $u Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- 700 1_
- $a Sanmarchi, Francesco $u Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- 700 1_
- $a Santric-Milicevic, Milena M $u Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia $u School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- 700 1_
- $a Sathian, Brijesh $u Geriatrics and Long Term Care Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar $u Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK
- 700 1_
- $a Sheikh, Aziz $u Centre for Medical Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK $u Division of General Internal Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- 700 1_
- $a Shiri, Rahman $u Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- 700 1_
- $a Shivalli, Siddharudha $u Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- 700 1_
- $a Dora Sigfusdottir, Inga $u Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland $u Icelandic Centre for Social Research and Analysis (ICSRA), Reykjavik, Iceland $u Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- 700 1_
- $a Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig $u Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
- 700 1_
- $a Yurievich Skryabin, Valentin $u Department No.16, Moscow Research and Practical Centre On Addictions, Moscow, Russia
- 700 1_
- $a Aleksandrovna Skryabina, Anna $u Therapeutic Department, Balashiha Central Hospital, Balashikha, Russia
- 700 1_
- $a Smarandache, Catalin-Gabriel $u Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- 700 1_
- $a Socea, Bogdan $u Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- 700 1_
- $a Sousa, Raúl A R C $u Professional Association of Licensed Optometry Professionals, Linda-a-Velha, Portugal
- 700 1_
- $a Steiropoulos, Paschalis $u Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, University General Hospital Dragana, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- 700 1_
- $a Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael $u Carlos III Health Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Madrid, Spain $u Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- 700 1_
- $a Roberto Tovani-Palone, Marcos $u Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- 700 1_
- $a Tozija, Fimka $u Institute of Public Health of Republic of North Macedonia, Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, North Macedonia
- 700 1_
- $a Van de Velde, Sarah $u Centre for Population, Family and Health, Department of Sociology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- 700 1_
- $a Juhani Vasankari, Tommi $u UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland
- 700 1_
- $a Veroux, Massimiliano $u Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- 700 1_
- $a Violante, Francesco S $u Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy $u Occupational Health Unit, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
- 700 1_
- $a Vlassov, Vasiliy $u Department of Health Care Administration and Economics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- 700 1_
- $a Wang, Yanzhong $u School of Population Health and Environmental Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- 700 1_
- $a Yadollahpour, Ali $u Psychology Department, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- 700 1_
- $a Yaya, Sanni $u School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada $u The George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- 700 1_
- $a Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Mikhail $u Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Moscow Research and Practical Centre On Addictions, Moscow, Russia $u Addictology Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
- 700 1_
- $a Zastrozhina, Anasthasia $u Pediatrics Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
- 700 1_
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- 700 1_
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