Background: The level of pro-inflammatory Cluster of Differentiation 68 (CD 68) could be beneficial for examination as a biomarker for identifying cartilage or knee tissue degradation in joint problems. Because Cluster of Differentiation 68 appears to be linked to cell damage in the injury area, its measurement may be an effective and sensitive tool for detecting the early development of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in people at risk for knee osteoarthritis.Aim of the study: The study aimed to evaluate which type of PRP (Pure-PRP and leukocyte-PRP) are suitable for patients with KOA via assessing the levels of serum CD 68 concentration.Materials and Methods: Serum Cluster of Differentiation 68 level was computed using ELISA kits. The experimental study comprises 21 pure-platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP) injections,11 leukocytes platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) injections, and 16 control groups. Ranged from 35- 75 years old. All patients with diabetes mellitus, autoimmune disease, and severe knee osteoarthritis were excluded from this study. The period of the study was between November 2021 to June 2022. This study assessed other factors such as age, sex, family inheritance, and body mass index (BMI). The level of CD 68 was measured in the serum before and after the injection for six weeks.Results: The level of the study showed CD 68 elevated before injection in patients with knee osteoarthritis. A significant decrease of CD 68 (P< 0.01-P<0.001) in the serum concentration after injection as compared to before injection. However, the concentration was significantly higher than the control.Conclusions: In conclusion, both P-PRP and L-PRP demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties. Patients in both groups experienced a significant decrease in CD 68 serum levels, however, the P-PRP was more effective than the L-PRP.

College of Medicine University of AL Qadisiyah Iraq

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