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The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: Cross-national measurement invariance and convergent validity evidence

V. Jovanović, M. Rudnev, M. Abdelrahman, NB. Abdul Kadir, DF. Adebayo, P. Akaliyski, R. Alaseel, YA. Alkamali, LM. Alonso Palacio, A. Amin, A. Andres, A. Ansari-Moghaddam, JJB. Aruta, HM. Avanesyan, N. Ayub, M. Bacikova-Sleskova, R. Baikanova, B....

. 2024 ; 36 (1) : 14-29. [pub] 20231127

Language English Country United States

Document type Journal Article

Persistent link   https://www.medvik.cz/link/bmc24007778

Grant support
Cooperative University of Colombia
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo; Millennium Science Initiative Program
GESIS-Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports; European Union-Next Generation European Union
RA Science Committee
American Psychological Association; Division 48
Foundation for Polish Science
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) is a widely used measure that captures somatic symptoms of coronavirus-related anxiety. In a large-scale collaboration spanning 60 countries (Ntotal = 21,513), we examined the CAS's measurement invariance and assessed the convergent validity of CAS scores in relation to the fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S) and the satisfaction with life (SWLS-3) scales. We utilized both conventional exact invariance tests and alignment procedures, with results revealing that the single-factor model fit the data well in almost all countries. Partial scalar invariance was supported in a subset of 56 countries. To ensure the robustness of results, given the unbalanced samples, we employed resampling techniques both with and without replacement and found the results were more stable in larger samples. The alignment procedure demonstrated a high degree of measurement invariance with 9% of the parameters exhibiting noninvariance. We also conducted simulations of alignment using the parameters estimated in the current model. Findings demonstrated reliability of the means but indicated challenges in estimating the latent variances. Strong positive correlations between CAS and FCV-19S estimated with all three different approaches were found in most countries. Correlations of CAS and SWLS-3 were weak and negative but significantly differed from zero in several countries. Overall, the study provided support for the measurement invariance of the CAS and offered evidence of its convergent validity while also highlighting issues with variance estimation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Asociacion Proyecto Aigle Guatemala

Carrera de Psicologia Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Cientifica del Sur

Center for Research in Psychology and Human Well Being Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Central Department of Psychology Tribhuvan University

College of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research Mohamed Bin Zayed University for Humanities

College of Medicine Syrian Private University

Daulat Ram College University of Delhi

Departamento de Pos Graduacao Instituto Superior de Ciencias de Saude Universidade Lurio

Departamento de Psicologia Universidad de La Frontera

Departamento de Salud Publica Universidad del Norte

Department of Academic Affairs Chicago School of Professional Psychology

Department of Applied Psychology University of Zimbabwe

Department of Clinical Psychology Albizu University

Department of Education Psychology Communication University of Bari

Department of Education University of Taipei

Department of Educational Psychology and Health Psychology Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice

Department of Family Medicine South Kazakhstan Medical Academy

Department of General Experimental Developmental and Health Psychology Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski

Department of Healthcare Faculty of Health University of Vlora

Department of Life Sciences College of Health Medicine and Life Sciences Brunel University London

Department of Management Nagoya University of Commerce and Business

Department of Nutrition Federal University of Parana

Department of Physical Education and Rehabilitation Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University

Department of Physical Education Lviv Polytechnic National University

Department of Population Studies Makerere University

Department of Psychiatry Lira University

Department of Psychology De La Salle University

Department of Psychology Faculty of Philosophy University of Novi Sad

Department of Psychology Federal University of Bahia

Department of Psychology Heriot Watt University

Department of Psychology Ibero American University

Department of Psychology MEF University

Department of Psychology Stockholm University

Department of Psychology Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas

Department of Psychology Universidad Francisco Marroquin

Department of Psychology University of Atacama

Department of Psychology University of Porto

Department of Psychology University of Sargodha

Department of Psychology University of Waterloo

Department of Psychology University of Zambia

Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar University

Department of Pure and Applied Psychology Adekunle Ajasin University

Department of Social Sciences and Communication Transilvania University of Brasov

Department of Sociology and Social Policy Lingnan University

Department of Sociology Faculty of the Social Sciences Adekunle Ajasin University

Department of Theory and Methods of Physical Culture Lviv State University of Physical Culture

Dimitri Uznadze Institute of Psychology Ilia State University

Escuela de Psicologia Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador

Evaluation Studies Centre Educational Research Institute

Faculty for Psychology FernUniversitat in Hagen

Faculty of Arts University of Maribor

Faculty of Business Management National Economics University

Faculty of Education Beit Berl College

Faculty of Education Universidad de los Andes

Faculty of Kinesiology University of Zagreb

Faculty of Psychology and Education Universiti Malaysia Sabah

Faculty of Social and Human Sciences Cooperative University of Colombia

Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences Hiroshima University

Health Promotion Research Center Zahedan University of Medical Sciences

Institute for Social Science Studies Universiti Putra Malaysia

Institute of Psychology Czech Academy of Sciences

Institute of Psychology Mykolas Romeris University

Institute of Psychology University of Gdansk

Instituto de Investigaciones Psicologicas Universidad Nacional de Cordoba Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnicas

Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts

Medicine School Mother and Teacher Pontifical Catholic University

Microbiology Department Kabul University of Medical Sciences

Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management Area Indian Institute of Management Bangalore

Post Graduation Program of Psychology Salgado de Oliveira University

Research on Economics Management and Information Technologies Universidade Portucalense

School of Environmental Engineering Universidad Cesar Vallejo

School of Human Ecology Tata Institute of Social Sciences

School of Medicine Astana Medical University

School of Psychology Dublin City University

School of Social Sciences and Humanities Doha Institute for Graduate Studies

Social Sciences Doctoral and Master Program Don Bosco University

Yerevan State University

References provided by Crossref.org

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$a The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: Cross-national measurement invariance and convergent validity evidence / $c V. Jovanović, M. Rudnev, M. Abdelrahman, NB. Abdul Kadir, DF. Adebayo, P. Akaliyski, R. Alaseel, YA. Alkamali, LM. Alonso Palacio, A. Amin, A. Andres, A. Ansari-Moghaddam, JJB. Aruta, HM. Avanesyan, N. Ayub, M. Bacikova-Sleskova, R. Baikanova, B. Bakkar, S. Bartoluci, D. Benitez, I. Bodnar, A. Bolatov, J. Borchet, K. Bosnar, Y. Broche-Pérez, C. Buzea, R. Cassibba, M. Del Pilar Grazioso, S. Dhakal, R. Dimitrova, A. Dominguez, CD. Duong, L. Dutra Thome, AJ. Estavela, EA. Fayankinnu, N. Ferenczi, R. Fernández-Morales, MT. Friehs, J. Gaete, W. Gharz Edine, S. Gindi, RCF. Giordani, B. Gjoneska, JC. Godoy, CD. Hancheva, G. Hapunda, S. Hihara, MS. Islam, A. Janovská, N. Javakhishvili, RS. Kabir, A. Kabunga, A. Karakulak, JA. Karl, D. Katović, Z. Kauyzbay, M. Kaźmierczak, R. Khanna, M. Khosla, P. Kisaakye, M. Klicperova-Baker, R. Kokera, A. Kozina, SE. Krauss, R. Landabur, K. Lefringhausen, A. Lewandowska-Walter, YH. Liang, D. Lizarzaburu-Aguinaga, LC. López Steinmetz, A. Makashvili, S. Malik, D. Manrique-Millones, M. Martín-Carbonell, MA. Mattar Yunes, B. McGrath, EA. Mechili, M. Mejía Alvarez, S. Mhizha, J. Michałek-Kwiecień, SK. Mishra, M. Mohammadi, F. Mohsen, R. Moreta-Herrera, MD. Muradyan, P. Musso, A. Naterer, A. Nemat, F. Neto, J. Neto, H. Okati-Aliabad, CI. Orellana, L. Orellana, J. Park, I. Pavlova, EA. Peralta, P. Petrytsa, R. Pilkauskaite Valickiene, . Et Al
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$a Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) is a widely used measure that captures somatic symptoms of coronavirus-related anxiety. In a large-scale collaboration spanning 60 countries (Ntotal = 21,513), we examined the CAS's measurement invariance and assessed the convergent validity of CAS scores in relation to the fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S) and the satisfaction with life (SWLS-3) scales. We utilized both conventional exact invariance tests and alignment procedures, with results revealing that the single-factor model fit the data well in almost all countries. Partial scalar invariance was supported in a subset of 56 countries. To ensure the robustness of results, given the unbalanced samples, we employed resampling techniques both with and without replacement and found the results were more stable in larger samples. The alignment procedure demonstrated a high degree of measurement invariance with 9% of the parameters exhibiting noninvariance. We also conducted simulations of alignment using the parameters estimated in the current model. Findings demonstrated reliability of the means but indicated challenges in estimating the latent variances. Strong positive correlations between CAS and FCV-19S estimated with all three different approaches were found in most countries. Correlations of CAS and SWLS-3 were weak and negative but significantly differed from zero in several countries. Overall, the study provided support for the measurement invariance of the CAS and offered evidence of its convergent validity while also highlighting issues with variance estimation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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$a Godoy, Juan Carlos $u Instituto de Investigaciones Psicologicas, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnicas
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$a Hancheva, Camellia Doncheva $u Department of General, Experimental, Developmental, and Health Psychology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski"
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$a Hihara, Shogo $u Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University
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$a Islam, Md Saiful $u Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University
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$a Kabir, Russell Sarwar $u Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University
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$a Kabunga, Amir $u Department of Psychiatry, Lira University
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$a Karakulak, Arzu $u Department of Psychology, MEF University
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$a Karl, Johannes Alfons $u School of Psychology, Dublin City University
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$a Katović, Darko $u Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb
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$a Kauyzbay, Zhumaly $u Department of Family Medicine, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy
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$a Lefringhausen, Katharina $u Department of Psychology, Heriot-Watt University
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$a Lewandowska-Walter, Aleksandra $u Institute of Psychology, University of Gdansk
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$a Liang, Yun-Hsia $u Department of Education, University of Taipei
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$a Lizarzaburu-Aguinaga, Danny $u School of Environmental Engineering, Universidad Cesar Vallejo
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$a Neto, Joana $u Research on Economics, Management and Information Technologies, Universidade Portucalense
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