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Are the elements zinc, copper, magnesium, and rubidium related to nutrition and iodine deficiency in pregnant Bulgarian women from iodine deficient region
M. Georgieva Bacelova, P. Dimitrova Gatseva, T. Ivanova Deneva, D. Miteva Davcheva, A. Veselinova Bivolarska
Language English Country Czech Republic
Document type Journal Article
Digital library NLK
Source
NLK
Free Medical Journals
from 2004
ProQuest Central
from 2009-03-01 to 6 months ago
Medline Complete (EBSCOhost)
from 2006-03-01 to 6 months ago
Nursing & Allied Health Database (ProQuest)
from 2009-03-01 to 6 months ago
Health & Medicine (ProQuest)
from 2009-03-01 to 6 months ago
Public Health Database (ProQuest)
from 2009-03-01 to 6 months ago
ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
from 1993
PubMed
38669155
DOI
10.21101/cejph.a7796
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Magnesium blood analysis administration & dosage MeSH
- Hypothyroidism epidemiology MeSH
- Iodine * deficiency administration & dosage MeSH
- Pregnancy Complications epidemiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Copper * deficiency blood MeSH
- Nutritional Status * MeSH
- Trace Elements deficiency MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Thyrotropin blood MeSH
- Zinc * deficiency blood MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Pregnancy MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Bulgaria MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Trace elements are essential for the biochemistry of the cell. Their reference values have been found to differ considerably in pregnant women stratified by age, place of residence, anthropometric status, and length of pregnancy. In optimal amounts, these elements reduce the risk of pregnancy complications. Subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), and rubidium (Rb) on pregnant women in an iodine deficiency region and find the relationship with the thyroid status and nutrition. METHODS: We evaluated the iodine status of 61 healthy pregnant women from an iodine deficient region in Bulgaria. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxin free (FT4) levels were measured using ELISA. RESULTS: We found elevated levels of copper that differed the most between the first and second trimesters; Cu and TSH were found to be positively correlated (р < 0.05). Lower Cu levels were found in pregnant women consuming pulses more than 2-3 times a week (р = 0.033). The women consuming fish more than 2-3 times a week had higher levels of Rb. We found a pronounced iodine deficiency in more than half of the examined women in the first to third trimesters, without any effect of pregnancy on the ioduria (р=0.834). All second and third trimester cases were associated with severe ioduria (< 150 μg/L). CONCLUSION: The high Cu levels were associated with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and less pulse consumption during pregnancy in an iodine deficiency endemic area. SCH was found in 24% of the pregnant women in such an area while in 13% of them SCH had progressed to overt hypothyroidism.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Faculty of Pharmacy Medical University of Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgaria
Department of Hygiene Faculty of Public Health Medical University of Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgaria
Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Medical University of Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgaria
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- $a OBJECTIVE: Trace elements are essential for the biochemistry of the cell. Their reference values have been found to differ considerably in pregnant women stratified by age, place of residence, anthropometric status, and length of pregnancy. In optimal amounts, these elements reduce the risk of pregnancy complications. Subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), and rubidium (Rb) on pregnant women in an iodine deficiency region and find the relationship with the thyroid status and nutrition. METHODS: We evaluated the iodine status of 61 healthy pregnant women from an iodine deficient region in Bulgaria. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxin free (FT4) levels were measured using ELISA. RESULTS: We found elevated levels of copper that differed the most between the first and second trimesters; Cu and TSH were found to be positively correlated (р < 0.05). Lower Cu levels were found in pregnant women consuming pulses more than 2-3 times a week (р = 0.033). The women consuming fish more than 2-3 times a week had higher levels of Rb. We found a pronounced iodine deficiency in more than half of the examined women in the first to third trimesters, without any effect of pregnancy on the ioduria (р=0.834). All second and third trimester cases were associated with severe ioduria (< 150 μg/L). CONCLUSION: The high Cu levels were associated with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and less pulse consumption during pregnancy in an iodine deficiency endemic area. SCH was found in 24% of the pregnant women in such an area while in 13% of them SCH had progressed to overt hypothyroidism.
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