PURPOSE: The use of thyroid hormones (TH) to treat obesity is unsupported by evidence as reflected in international guidelines. We explored views about this practice, and associations with respondent characteristics among European thyroid specialists. METHODS: Specialists from 28 countries were invited to a survey via professional organisations. The relevant question was whether "Thyroid hormones may be indicated in biochemically euthyroid patients with obesity resistant to lifestyle interventions". RESULTS: Of 17,232 invitations 5695 responses were received (33% valid response rate; 65% women; 90% endocrinologists). Of these, 290 (5.1%) stated that TH may be indicated as treatment for obesity in euthyroid patients. This view was commoner among non-endocrinologists (8.7% vs. 4.7%, p < 0.01), private practice (6.5% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.01), and varied geographically (Eastern Europe, 7.3%; Southern Europe, 4.8%; Western Europe, 2.7%; and Northern Europe, 2.5%). Respondents from Northern and Western Europe were less likely to use TH than those from Eastern Europe (p < 0.01). Gross national income (GNI) correlated inversely with this view (OR 0.97, CI: 0.96-0.97; p < 0.001). Having national guidelines on hypothyroidism correlated negatively with treating obesity with TH (OR 0.71, CI: 0.55-0.91). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the lack of evidence, and contrary to guidelines' recommendations, about 5% of respondents stated that TH may be indicated as a treatment for obesity in euthyroid patients resistant to life-style interventions. This opinion was associated with (i) respondent characteristics: being non-endocrinologist, working in private practice, treating a small number of hypothyroid patients annually and (ii) national characteristics: prevalence of obesity, Eastern Europe, low GNI and lack of national hypothyroidism guidelines.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hormony štítné žlázy * krev MeSH
- hypotyreóza epidemiologie terapie farmakoterapie MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění statistika a číselné údaje normy MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obezita * epidemiologie terapie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
BACKGROUND: Plant-based diets are gaining popularity due to their well-documented cardiometabolic benefits and environmental sustainability. However, these diets are often lower in specific micronutrients such as iodine, raising concerns about their potential impact on thyroid health. Therefore, we examined the associations between plant-based diets and the risk of hypothyroidism. METHODS: We analysed data from the UK (United Kingdom) Biobank cohort. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for incident hypothyroidism across vegans, vegetarians, pescatarians, poultry-eaters, low meat-eaters, and high meat-eaters aged 40-69 years. Ancillary to this, we carried out logistic regression analyses to evaluate associations between the diet groups and prevalent hypothyroidism according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes at baseline. RESULTS: We included 466,362 individuals from the UK Biobank, of which 220,514 followed a high meat, 221,554 a low meat, 5242 a poultry-based, 10,598 a pescatarian, 8057 a vegetarian, and 397 a vegan diet. During a median SD (Standard Deviation) follow-up of 12.7 (± 3.2) years, 10,831 participants developed hypothyroidism. In multivariable Cox regression models without adjustment for body mass index (BMI), none of the diets were significantly associated with the risk of hypothyroidism. However, there was a tendency for a higher risk of hypothyroidism among vegetarians compared to people following a high meat diet (HR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.98-1.30). After controlling for BMI, a potential collider, the association for vegetarians (HR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.07-1.42) became stronger and statistically significant. Furthermore, we observed a positive association between low meat-eaters (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.08), poultry-eaters (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.28), pescatarians (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.01-1.19) and vegetarian (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.15-1.38) with hypothyroidism prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, we found a moderately higher risk of hypothyroidism among vegetarians, after controlling for BMI, a potential collider. This slightly higher risk of hypothyroidism among vegetarians requires further investigation, taking iodine status and thyroid hormone levels into account.
- MeSH
- dieta vegetariánská * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- dieta * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hypotyreóza * epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- maso * MeSH
- proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- vegetariáni * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Spojené království MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Hearing impairment can have major impacts on behavior, educational attainment, social status, and quality of life. In congenital hypothyroidism, the incidence of hearing impairment reaches 35-50%, while in acquired hypothyroidism there is a reported incidence of 25%. Despite this, knowledge of the pathogenesis, incidence and severity of hearing impairment remains greatly lacking. The aim of our study was to evaluate hearing in patients with acquired hypothyroidism. METHODS: 30 patients with untreated and newly diagnosed peripheral hypothyroidism (H) and a control group of 30 healthy probands (C) were enrolled in the study. Biochemical markers were measured, including median iodine urine concentrations (IUC) μg/L. The hearing examination included a subjective complaint assessment, otomicroscopy, tympanometry, transitory otoacoustic emission (TOAE), tone audiometry, and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BERA) examinations. The Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's Exact test and multivariate regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The H and C groups had significantly different thyroid hormone levels (medians with 95% CI) TSH mU/L 13.3 (8.1, 19.3) vs. 1.97 (1.21, 2.25) p = 0 and fT4 pmol/L 10.4 (9.51, 11.1) vs. 15 (13.8, 16.7) p = 0. The groups did not significantly differ in age 39 (34, 43) vs. 41 (36,44) p = 0.767 and IUC 142 (113, 159) vs. 123 (101, 157) p = 0.814. None of the hearing examinations showed differences between the H and C groups: otomicroscopy (p = 1), tympanometry (p = 1), TOAE (p = 1), audiometry (p = 0.179), and BERA (p = 0.505). CONCLUSIONS: We did not observe any hearing impairment in adults with acquired hypothyroidism, and there were no associations found between hearing impairment and the severity of hypothyroidism or iodine status. However, some forms of hearing impairment, mostly mild, were very common in both studied groups.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hypotyreóza * komplikace patofyziologie MeSH
- jod * moč MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nedoslýchavost * MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Kreatínkináza (CK) predstavuje intracelulárny enzým zapojený do energetického metabolizmu buniek, ktorý je lokalizovaný v tkanivách s vysokými energetickými nárokmi ako sú kostrové svaly alebo myokard. Sérová hladina CK odráža integritu svalovej membrány, v dôsledku čoho možno hyperCKémiu označiť ako nešpecifický marker svalového poškodenia. Diferenciálna diagnostika hyperCKémie v detskom veku zahŕňa nielen neuromuskulárne ochorenia, ale tiež spektrum ochorení, ktorých iniciálna diagnostika patrí aj do rúk skúseného pediatra. Korešpondujúci autorka: MUDr. Patrícia Balážová Klinika detskej neurológie LF UK a NÚDCH v Bratislave patricia.balazova@nudch.eu
Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme located in tissues with high energy demands, such as skeletal muscles or myocardium. It plays an essential role in cells’ energy metabolism. The level of CK in the blood reflects the muscle membrane’s integrity, and elevated CK levels can indicate muscle damage. However, diagnosing the cause of elevated CK levels in children requires the expertise of an experienced pediatrician. This may be due to not only neuromuscular diseases but also a range of other diseases.
- Klíčová slova
- hyperCKemie,
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- hypotyreóza diagnóza klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- kreatinkinasa * analýza klasifikace krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myozitida diagnóza klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- neuromuskulární nemoci * diagnóza klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hypoglykemika aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- hypotyreóza komplikace MeSH
- inkretiny terapeutické užití MeSH
- látky proti obezitě aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nadváha MeSH
- obezita etiologie terapie MeSH
- tirzepatid * aplikace a dávkování farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Dysfunkcia štítnej žľazy patrí medzi časté endokrinopatie v detskom veku, preto sú hormóny štítnej žľazy vyšetrované v rámci diferenciálnej diagnostiky rôznych symptómov. Pozitívne autoprotilátky indikujú autoimunitné ochorenie štítnej žľazy, pričom jej funkcia sa hodnotí na základe výsledkov voľného tyroxínu (fT4) a tyreotropného hormónu (TSH). Diskutovaným nálezom býva subklinická hypotyreóza, keďže mierne zvýšené TSH sa môže vyskytovať po akútnych ochoreniach alebo môže súvisieť s inými pridruženými stavmi (obezita, nefrotický syndróm, podávanie niektorých liečiv). Koncentrácia voľného trijódtyronínu (fT3) závisí najmä od dejodácie periférnymi orgánmi, preto sú odchýlky od fyziologických hodnôt pomerne časté (napr. pri zmenách hmotnosti, chorobách pečene a obličiek). Článok prináša prehľad o najčastejších laboratórnych nálezoch a o ich správnej interpretácii s ohľadom na širšie súvislosti.
Dysfunction of thyroid gland is one of the frequent endocrinopathies in childhood, therefore thyroid hormones are investigated as part of the differential diagnosis of various symptoms. Positive autoantibodies indicate autoimmune thyroid disease, and its function is evaluated based on free thyroxin (fT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) results. Subclinical hypothyroidism is a debated finding, since slightly elevated TSH can occur after acute illness or can be related to other associated conditions (obesity, nephrotic syndrome, administration of certain drugs). The concentration of free triiodothyronine (fT3) depends mainly on deiodination by peripheral organs, therefore deviations from physiological values are quite frequent (e. g. with changes in weight, liver and kidney diseases). The article provides an overview of the most common laboratory findings and their correct interpretation with regard to wider contexts.
- MeSH
- autoimunitní tyreoiditida diagnóza klasifikace krev MeSH
- hormony štítné žlázy * analýza klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- hypertyreóza diagnóza klasifikace krev MeSH
- hypotyreóza diagnóza klasifikace krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci štítné žlázy diagnóza klasifikace krev MeSH
- štítná žláza fyziologie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Background: Recent research has linked the spread of microribonucleic acid (miRNA) to numerous disorders, either as a stimulant or an inhibitor. One of these is miRNA-22, which research has connected to oxidative stress and thyroid issues. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. This study investigates the expression of miRNA-22 in hypothyroid women and its relationship to the rise in oxidative stress in the patient population.Materials and Methods: 40 women patients with Hypothyroid and 40 in this study, healthy volunteers who served as controls were included. The levels of serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured by sandwich assay, while free triiodothyronine (FT3) and thyroxine (T4) levels were measured competitive binding immunoenzymatic assay. To assess lipid profiles, an automated analyzer was employed. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were measured. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), catalase activity (CAT), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), and assessed using a colorimetric technique. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the expression of serum miRNA-22.Results: Significantly more SOD and CAT activity was identified in patient groups than in the control group (P<0.05), also the patient group's AOPP and MDA concentrations were discovered to significantly outweigh those of the control group. (P< 0.05). IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the patient group than in (P<0.05) the control group. The level of miRNA-22 was higher in the sick group as compared to the control groups (P<0.05).Conclusions: The pathophysiology of oxidative stress brought on by hypothyroidism involves miRNA-22 expression, there is a reciprocal relationship between the increase in gene expression of the miRNA-22 and the increase in oxidative stress, which results in the disease's development.
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- chemické techniky analytické metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hormony krev MeSH
- hypotyreóza * krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikro RNA * krev MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- spektrální analýza metody přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
Jodové zásobení těhotných a kojících žen je klíčové pro zdraví plodu a novorozence, zejména pro správnou funkci štítné žlázy. Nedostatečná jodová saturace může vést k závažným následkům, včetně trvalého poškození zdraví dítěte. V České republice využíváme pro monitoring jodového zásobení novorozenců neonatální TSH získané v rámci celoplošného novorozeneckého screeningu kongenitální hypotyreózy. Výsledky monitoringu byly až do nedávné doby příznivé (do roku 2018 v Čechách a do roku 2022 na Moravě), nicméně v posledních letech se zvyšuje procentuální zastoupení novorozenců se zvýšeným TSH, což naznačuje prohlubující se jodový deficit této křehké populace. Jednou z příčin může být nedostatečná jodová suplementace těhotných žen nad rámec běžného alimentárního příjmu (tj. 150–200 μg jodu denně) a snížení konzumace mléka, mléčných produktů, vajec a soli s jodem. Česká republika se nyní opět musí zaměřit na tuto rizikovou populaci stran prohlubujícího se jodového deficitu. Důležité je zaměřit se především na osvětové aktivity a zajistit adekvátní suplementaci jodu již v období těhotenství.
The iodine supply of pregnant and lactating women is crucial for the health of the fetus and newborn, especially for the proper function of the thyroid gland. Inadequate iodine saturation can lead to serious consequences, including permanent health damage to the child. In the Czech Republic, we use neonatal TSH obtained within the Nationwide Newborn Screening Program for Congenital Hypothyroidism to monitor the iodine supply of newborns. The monitoring results were favorable until recently (until 2018 in Bohemia and until 2022 in Moravia); however, in recent years, there has been an increase in the percentage of newborns with elevated TSH, indicating a deepening iodine deficiency in this vulnerable population. One of the reasons may be inadequate iodine supplementation of pregnant women beyond the normal dietary intake (i.e., 150–200 μg of iodine per day) and a decrease in the consumption of dairy, eggs and iodized salt. The Czech Republic must now focus again on this at-risk population regarding the deepening iodine deficiency. It is important to focus primarily on educational activities and ensure adequate iodine supplementation during pregnancy.
- MeSH
- jod * metabolismus nedostatek terapeutické užití MeSH
- kongenitální hypotyreóza diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- novorozenecký screening MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- thyreotropin krev MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
INTRODUCTION: The relationship between a poorly functioning thyroid gland and erectile dysfunction (hereinafter, "ED") has been demonstrated in many studies. If a man has thyroid problems, it can negatively affect his ability to achieve or maintain an erection. The thyroid gland produces hormones that affect metabolism and overall body function, including blood circulation. If the thyroid gland is not functioning properly, it can lead to blood circulation disorders, which can affect erectile function. There are also symptoms of thyroid disorders that can contribute to ED. Some of these symptoms include fatigue, depression, and anxiety, which can negatively affect a man's psychological side and affect his sexual performance. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: In our article, we present a series of patients with ED who were treated in our department and found to have some form of thyroid dysfunction. RESULTS: After treatment for thyroid dysfunction and treatment with 5-phosphodiesterase inhibitors were implemented, erectile function improved in all patients ((Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test; Z = -4.55; p (2-tailed) < 0.001; n = 27) to the level of mild or no ED. Improvement occurred in men with hyper- and hypothyroidism. After one year of treatment, there was no difference between the two groups (t-test; t = 0.75; df = 0.25; p < 0.46). CONCLUSION: This study shows that screening for thyroid dysfunction should be performed in all men with ED and that treating thyroid dysfunction may be an effective way to improve erectile function in men with these health problems.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- erektilní dysfunkce * farmakoterapie MeSH
- hypertyreóza * komplikace farmakoterapie MeSH
- hypotyreóza * farmakoterapie komplikace MeSH
- inhibitory fosfodiesterasy 5 * terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
