OBJECTIVES: This repeated cross-sectional study aimed to (a) report trends in adolescents' perceived family, friend, classmate, and teacher support, (b) estimate the extent to which each source of support related to life satisfaction across space and time, and (c) ascertain whether sociodemographic factors moderated the relationship in question. METHODS: We relied on data pertaining to the 2013/14, 2017/18, and 2021/22 waves of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. The examined sample covered 44 countries and regions (n = 716,083; MAGE = 13.6; SDAGE = 1.64; 50.7% female). RESULTS: The level of all sources of perceived social support slightly decreased over the examined period (all ω2 < .01). Family support involved the largest association with life satisfaction (β = 0.16); friend support, the lowest one (β = 0.03). These associations varied only tenuously across space and time. Sociodemographic factors moderated the link between perceived social support and life satisfaction to a negligible-to-weak extent. CONCLUSION: Levels of perceived social support and their associations with life satisfaction subtly changed. Future research may attempt to pinpoint the macrosocial levers of these temporal dynamics.

Centre for Childhood and Youth Research University of Luxembourg Esch sur Alzette Luxembourg

Institute of Applied Psychology Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences Comenius University Bratislava Slovakia

National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention Department of Learning Informatics Management and Ethics Solna Sweden

Olomouc University Social Health Institute Palacký University Olomouc Olomouc Czechia

The Max Stern Academic College of Emek Yezreel Israel

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