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The Impact of Concomitant Medications on the Overall Survival of Patients Treated with Systemic Therapy for Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
I. Tsuboi, A. Matsukawa, M. Kardoust Parizi, M. Miszczyk, T. Fazekas, RJ. Schulz, S. Mancon, G. Litterio, E. Laukhtina, T. Kawada, S. Katayama, T. Iwata, K. Bekku, P. Rajwa, K. Wada, PI. Karakiewicz, M. Araki, SF. Shariat
Language English Country United States
Document type Journal Article, Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, Review
- MeSH
- Survival Analysis MeSH
- Adrenergic beta-Antagonists therapeutic use MeSH
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors therapeutic use MeSH
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors therapeutic use MeSH
- Proton Pump Inhibitors therapeutic use administration & dosage MeSH
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell * drug therapy mortality secondary MeSH
- Drug Interactions MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Kidney Neoplasms * drug therapy mortality pathology MeSH
- Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors therapeutic use MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Meta-Analysis MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Systematic Review MeSH
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are the standard treatment of advanced unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the impact of concomitant medications remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of concomitant medications on survival outcomes in patients treated with systemic therapy for advanced unresectable or metastatic RCC. In August 2024, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were queried for studies evaluating concomitant medications in patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic RCC (PROSPERO: CRD42024573252). The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). A fixed- or random-effects model was used for meta-analysis according to heterogeneity. We identified 22 eligible studies (5 prospective and 17 retrospective) comprising 16,072 patients. Concomitant medications included proton pump inhibitors (PPI) (n = 3959), antibiotics (n = 571), statins (n = 5466), renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) (n = 6615), and beta-blockers (n = 1964). Both concomitant PPI and antibiotics were significantly associated with worse OS in patients treated with ICI (PPI: HR: 1.22, P = .01, and antibiotics: HR: 2.09, P < .001). Concomitant statins, RASi, or beta-blocker were significantly associated with improved OS in patients treated with TKI (statins: HR: 0.81, P = .03, RASi: HR: 0.63, P < .001, beta-blocker: HR: 0.69, P < .001, respectively). In patients treated with ICI, RASi was significantly associated with improved OS (HR: 0.64, P = .02). Concomitant use of antibiotics or PPI with ICI can reduce its oncologic efficacy. Conversely, concomitant statins, RASi, or beta-blockers can enhance the oncologic efficacy of TKI. When initiating systemic therapy for metastatic RCC, it may be important for clinicians to assess baseline co-medications and recognize their possible positive or negative effects.
2nd Department of Urology Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education Warsaw Poland
Collegium Medicum Faculty of Medicine WSB University Dąbrowa Górnicza Poland
Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University Pieve Emanuele Italy
Department of Urology 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czechia
Department of Urology Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
Department of Urology Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
Department of Urology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary
Department of Urology Shariati Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
Department of Urology Shimane University Faculty of Medicine Shimane Japan
Department of Urology University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
Department of Urology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX
Department of Urology Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY
Division of Urology Department of Special Surgery The University of Jordan Amman Jordan
Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health Sechenov University Moscow Russia
Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology Vienna Austria
References provided by Crossref.org
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- $a Tsuboi, Ichiro $u Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane, Japan; Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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- $a Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are the standard treatment of advanced unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the impact of concomitant medications remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of concomitant medications on survival outcomes in patients treated with systemic therapy for advanced unresectable or metastatic RCC. In August 2024, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were queried for studies evaluating concomitant medications in patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic RCC (PROSPERO: CRD42024573252). The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). A fixed- or random-effects model was used for meta-analysis according to heterogeneity. We identified 22 eligible studies (5 prospective and 17 retrospective) comprising 16,072 patients. Concomitant medications included proton pump inhibitors (PPI) (n = 3959), antibiotics (n = 571), statins (n = 5466), renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) (n = 6615), and beta-blockers (n = 1964). Both concomitant PPI and antibiotics were significantly associated with worse OS in patients treated with ICI (PPI: HR: 1.22, P = .01, and antibiotics: HR: 2.09, P < .001). Concomitant statins, RASi, or beta-blocker were significantly associated with improved OS in patients treated with TKI (statins: HR: 0.81, P = .03, RASi: HR: 0.63, P < .001, beta-blocker: HR: 0.69, P < .001, respectively). In patients treated with ICI, RASi was significantly associated with improved OS (HR: 0.64, P = .02). Concomitant use of antibiotics or PPI with ICI can reduce its oncologic efficacy. Conversely, concomitant statins, RASi, or beta-blockers can enhance the oncologic efficacy of TKI. When initiating systemic therapy for metastatic RCC, it may be important for clinicians to assess baseline co-medications and recognize their possible positive or negative effects.
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