Interaction of nerve agent antidotes with cholinergic systems
Language English Country United Arab Emirates Media print
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review
PubMed
20345348
DOI
10.2174/092986710791111260
PII: BSP/CMC/E-Pub/102
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- MeSH
- Acetylcholine metabolism MeSH
- Antidotes chemistry metabolism pharmacology MeSH
- Chemical Warfare Agents * poisoning MeSH
- Cholinesterases metabolism MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Organophosphorus Compounds antagonists & inhibitors MeSH
- Organophosphate Poisoning MeSH
- Receptors, Cholinergic metabolism MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Acetylcholine MeSH
- Antidotes MeSH
- Chemical Warfare Agents * MeSH
- Cholinesterases MeSH
- Organophosphorus Compounds MeSH
- Receptors, Cholinergic MeSH
The poisoning with organophosphorus compounds represents a life threatening danger especially in the time of terroristic menace. No universal antidote has been developed yet and other therapeutic approaches not related to reactivation of acetylcholinesterase are being investigated. This review describes the main features of the cholinergic system, cholinergic receptors, cholinesterases and their inhibitors. It also focuses on the organophosphorus nerve agents, their properties, effects and a large part describes various possibilities in treatments, mainly traditional oxime therapies based on reactivation of AChE. Furthermore, non-cholinesterase coupled antidotal effects of the oximes are thoroughly discussed. These antidotal effects principally include oxime interactions with muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
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