Asymmetric distribution of fate determinants within cells is an essential biological strategy to prepare them for asymmetric division. In this work we measure the intracellular distribution of 12 maternal microRNAs (miRNA) along the animal-vegetal axis of the Xenopus laevis oocyte using qPCR tomography. We find the miRNAs have distinct intracellular profiles that resemble two out of the three profiles we previously observed for mRNAs. Our results suggest that miRNAs in addition to proteins and mRNAs may have asymmetric distribution within the oocyte and may contribute to asymmetric cell division as cell fate determinants.

] Laboratory of Gene Expression Institute of Biotechnology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Videnska 1083 Prague 142 20 Czech Republic [2] Charles University Prague Faculty of Science Department of Cell Biology Vinicna 7 Prague 128 43 Czech Republic

] Laboratory of Gene Expression Institute of Biotechnology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Videnska 1083 Prague 142 20 Czech Republic [2] TATAA Biocenter AB Odinsgatan 28 Göteborg 411 03 Sweden

Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectiology University Hospital of Dusseldorf Moorenstrasse 5 Dusseldorf 40225 Germany

EMBL Genomics Core Facility Meyerhofstr 1 Heidelberg D 69117 Germany

Laboratory of Gene Expression Institute of Biotechnology Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Videnska 1083 Prague 142 20 Czech Republic

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Asymmetric distribution of biomolecules of maternal origin in the Xenopus laevis egg and their impact on the developmental plan

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