Some species of centipedes and millipedes inhabit upper soil layers exclusively and are not recorded by pitfall trapping. Because of their sensitivity to soil conditions, they can be sampled quantitatively for evaluation of soil conditions. Soil samples are heavy to transport and their processing is time consuming, and such sampling leads to disturbance of the soil surface which land-owners do not like. We evaluated the use of hay-bait traps to sample soil dwelling millipedes and centipedes. The effectiveness of this method was found to be similar to the effectiveness of soil sampling. Hay-bait traps installed for 8-10 weeks can substitute for direct soil sampling in ecological and inventory studies.

Department of Biology and General Ecology Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Technical University in Zvolen T G Masaryka 24 96053 Zvolen Slovakia

Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science Palacký University Šlechtitelů 11 77900 Olomouc Czech Republic

Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science Palacký University Šlechtitelů 11 77900 Olomouc Czech Republic ; Department of Biology and Ecology Faculty of Science University of Ostrava Chittusiho 10 71000 Slezská Ostrava Czech Republic ; Global Change Research Centre Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Bělidla 986 4a 603 00 Brno Czech Republic

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