BACKGROUND: The use of antipsychotic therapy has been proven to have an association with the incidence of diabetes mellitus. The use of atypical antipsychotics is shown to have a higher association, in contrast with typical antipsychotics. Olanzapine and Clozapine appear to have the highest rates of diabetes mellitus incidence, due to their tendency to affect glucose metabolism compared with other antipsychotic drugs. In this research the main goal is to understand which antipsychotic drugs are the most diabetogenic and to show the mechanisms involved in the glucose metabolism dysregulations with special focus on Olanzapine considering it is a very commonly prescribed and used drug especially among patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: Our study is a literature based research. For our research we reviewed 41 Pubmed published articles from 2005 to 2015. CONCLUSION: According to most of the literature, from all the antipsychotics, Clozapine followed by Olanzapine appear to be the atypical neuroleptics that most relate to metabolic syndrome and Diabetes. The basis for this metabolic dysregulations appears to be multifactorial in origin and a result of the drugs, environment and genes interaction.

Charles University Prague 3rd Faculty of Medicine Prague Czech Republic