The role of bile acids in metabolic regulation
Language English Country England, Great Britain Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review
PubMed
26733603
DOI
10.1530/joe-15-0469
PII: JOE-15-0469
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- bariatric surgery, bile acids, diabetes, energy homeostasis, obesity,
- MeSH
- Bariatric Surgery MeSH
- Diabetes Mellitus therapy MeSH
- Energy Metabolism physiology MeSH
- Glucose metabolism MeSH
- Homeostasis physiology MeSH
- Incretins MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Metabolic Diseases MeSH
- Lipid Metabolism physiology MeSH
- Metabolism physiology MeSH
- Obesity therapy MeSH
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear physiology MeSH
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled physiology MeSH
- Thyroid Gland physiology MeSH
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome physiology MeSH
- Constipation metabolism MeSH
- Bile Acids and Salts metabolism physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Names of Substances
- farnesoid X-activated receptor MeSH Browser
- Glucose MeSH
- GPBAR1 protein, human MeSH Browser
- Incretins MeSH
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear MeSH
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled MeSH
- Bile Acids and Salts MeSH
Bile acids (BA), long believed to only have lipid-digestive functions, have emerged as novel metabolic modulators. They have important endocrine effects through multiple cytoplasmic as well as nuclear receptors in various organs and tissues. BA affect multiple functions to control energy homeostasis, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism, predominantly by activating the nuclear farnesoid X receptor and the cytoplasmic G protein-coupled BA receptor TGR5 in a variety of tissues. However, BA also are aimed at many other cellular targets in a wide array of organs and cell compartments. Their role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, obesity and other 'diseases of civilization' becomes even more clear. They also interact with the gut microbiome, with important clinical implications, further extending the complexity of their biological functions. Therefore, it is not surprising that BA metabolism is substantially modulated by bariatric surgery, a phenomenon contributing favorably to the therapeutic effects of these surgical procedures. Based on these data, several therapeutic approaches to ameliorate obesity and diabetes have been proposed to affect the cellular targets of BA.
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