The idea of using killed microorganisms or their parts for a stimulation of immunity in the cancer immunotherapy is very old, but the question of interactions and binding of these preparations to tumor cells has not been addressed so far. The attachment of Zymosan A and both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria to tumor cells was tested in in vivo experiments. This binding was accomplished by charge interactions, anchoring based on hydrophobic chains and covalent bonds and proved to be crucial for a strong immunotherapeutic effect. The establishment of conditions for simultaneous stimulation of both Toll-like and phagocytic receptors led to very strong synergy. It resulted in tumor shrinkage and its temporary or permanent elimination. The role of neutrophils in cancer immunotherapy was demonstrated and the mechanism of their action (frustrated phagocytosis) was proposed. Finally, therapeutic approaches applicable for safe human cancer immunotherapy are discussed. Heat killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis covalently attached to tumor cells seems to be promising tool for this therapy.

Department of Medical Biology Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic

Department of Medical Biology Faculty of Science University of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic; Institute of Parasitology Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences v v i České Budějovice Czech Republic

Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences v v i Brno Czech Republic

Citace poskytuje Crossref.org

Role of B cells in intratumoral MBTA immunotherapy of murine pheochromocytoma model

Intratumoral immunotherapy of murine pheochromocytoma shows no age-dependent differences in its efficacy

The combination of immunotherapy and a glutamine metabolism inhibitor represents an effective therapeutic strategy for advanced and metastatic murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Mannan-BAM, TLR ligands, and anti-CD40 immunotherapy in established murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma: understanding therapeutic potentials and limitations

Coley's immunotherapy revived: Innate immunity as a link in priming cancer cells for an attack by adaptive immunity

The Significant Reduction or Complete Eradication of Subcutaneous and Metastatic Lesions in a Pheochromocytoma Mouse Model after Immunotherapy Using Mannan-BAM, TLR Ligands, and Anti-CD40

Innate immunity based cancer immunotherapy: B16-F10 murine melanoma model