BACKGROUND/AIM: Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare clinical entity, which represents one of the main reasons, why surgery should be performed in specialized centres. Preoperatively, it is very difficult to distinguish between benign and malignant hyperparathyroidism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During the years 1996-2016, we performed 2,220 operations in 2,075 patients with a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. RESULTS: Among these 2,220 operations, there were 16 operations for parathyroid carcinoma. These 16 operations, including reoperations, were performed in four patients. Two patients had no reoperation, but another 2 patients required 14 reoperations in total. Parathyroid carcinoma was described in 0.2% of all patients with a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. The number of operations was 0.73% of all operations of primary hyperparathyroidism in years 1996-2016. CONCLUSION: Prognosis of parathyroid carcinoma is quite favourable, patients evidence a long-term survival rate after the primary operation. However, every reoperation increases the number of possible complications, including recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.

3rd Department of Medicine Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague and General University Hospital Prague Prague Czech Republic

3rd Department of Surgery 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague and University Hospital Motol Prague Czech Republic

Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Palacky University Olomouc Czech Republic

Department of Histology and Embryology Wroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland

Department of Laboratory Genetics University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady Prague Czech Republic

Department of Thoracic Surgery Masaryk's Hospital in Usti nad Labem Labem Czech Republic

Institute of Anatomy 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czech Republic

Institute of Nuclear Medicine 1st Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague and General University Hospital Prague Prague Czech Republic

Zobrazit více v PubMed

Wang CA, Gaz RD. Natural history of parathyroid carcinoma. Diagnosis, treatment, and results. Am J Surg. 1985;149(4):522–527. PubMed

Sandelin K, Thompson NW, Bondeson L. Metastatic parathyroid carcinoma: dilemmas in management. Surgery. 1991;110(6):978–986. PubMed

Clark O, Duh Q. Textbook of endocrine surgery. Philadelphia, 1997;W.B.Saunders:pp. 277–283.

Kassahun WT, Jonas S. Focus on parathyroid carcinoma. Int J Surg. 2011;9(1):13–19. PubMed

Carpten JD, Robbins CM, Villablanca A, Forsberg L, Presciuttini S, Bailey-Wilson J, Simonds WF, Gillanders EM, Kennedy AM, Chen JD, Agarwal SK, Sood R, Jones MP, Moses TY, Haven C, Petillo D, Leotlela PD, Harding B, Cameron D, Pannett AA, Höög A, Heath H 3rd, James-Newton LA, Robinson B, Zarbo RJ, Cavaco BM, Wassif W, Perrier ND, Rosen IB, Kristoffersson U, Turnpenny PD, Farnebo LO, Besser GM, Jackson CE, Morreau H, Trent JM, Thakker RV, Marx SJ, Teh BT, Larsson C, Hobbs MR. HRPT2, encoding parafibromin, is mutated in hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome. Nat Genet. 2002;32(4):676–680. PubMed

DeLellis RA. Parathyroid carcinoma: an overview. Adv Anat Pathol. 2005;12(2):53–61. PubMed

Sharretts JM, Simonds WF. Clinical and molecular genetics of parathyroid neoplazma. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;24(3):491–502. PubMed PMC

Christmas TJ, Chapple CR, Noble JG, Milroy EJ, Cowie AG. Hyperparathyroidism after neck irradiation. Br J Surg. 1988;75(9):873–874. PubMed

Adámek S, Libánský P, Naňka O, Sedý J, Pafko P. Surgical Therapy of Primary Hyperparathyroidism and it’s Complications. Experience with 453 Patients. Zentralbl Chir. 2005;130:109–113. PubMed

Adámek S, Naňka O. Primární hyperparathyreóza. Galén –. 2006;Prague:pp. 202.

Harari A, Waring A, Fernandez-Ranvier G, Hwang J, Suh I, Mitmaker E, Shen W, Gosnell J, Duh QY, Clark O. Parathyroid carcinoma: a 43-year outcome and survival analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(12):3679–3686. PubMed

Goldfarb M, O’Neal P, Shih JL, Hartzband P, Connolly J, Hasselgren PO. Synchronous parathyroid carcinoma, parathyroid adenoma, and papillary thyroid carcinoma in a patient with severe and long-standing hyperparathyroidism. Endocr Pract. 2009;15(5):463–468. PubMed PMC

Hundahl SA, Fleming ID, Fremgen AM, Menck HR. Two hundred eighty-six cases of parathyroid carcinoma treated in the U.S. between 1985-1995: a National Cancer Data Base Report. The American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer and the American Cancer Society. Cancer. 1999;86(3):538–544. PubMed

Wei CH, Harari A. Parathyroid carcinoma: update and guidelines for management. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2012;13(1):11–23. PubMed

Kebebew E, Arici C, Duh QY, Clark OH. Localization and reoperation results for persistent and recurrent parathyroid carcinoma. Arch Surg. 2001;136(8):878–885. PubMed

Agarwal G, Dhingra S, Mishra SK, Krishnani N. Implantation of parathyroid carcinoma along fine needle aspiration track. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2006;391(6):623–626. PubMed

Thompson LD. Parathyroid carcinoma. Ear Nose Throat J. 2009;88(1):722–724. PubMed

Chiofalo MG, Scognamiglio F, Losito S, Lastoria S, Marone U, Pezzullo L. Huge parathyroid carcinoma: clinical considerations and literature review. World J Surg Oncol. 2005;23(3):39. PubMed PMC

Owen RP, Silver CE, Pellitteri PK, Shaha AR, Devaney KO, Werner JA, Rinaldo A, Ferlito A. Parathyroid carcinoma: a review. Head Neck. 2011;33(3):429–436. PubMed

Ippolito G, Palazzo FF, Sebag F, De Micco C, Henry JF. Intraoperative diagnosis and treatment of parathyroid cancer and atypical parathyroid adenoma. Br J Surg. 2007;94(5):566–570. PubMed

Solórzano CC, Carneiro-Pla DM, Lew JI, Rodgers SE, Montano R, Irvin GL 3rd. Intra-operative parathyroid hormone monitoring in patients with parathyroid cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2007;14(11):3216–3222. PubMed

Dudesek B, Gatěk J, Duben J, Bakala J, Hnátek L, Hasa E, Musil T. Mini-invasive radiation-navigated parathyreoidectomy – MIRP. Rozhl Chir. 2004;10:498–502. PubMed

Digonnet A, Carlier A, Willemse E, Quiriny M, Dekeyser C, de Saint Aubain N, Lemort M, Andry G. Parathyroid carcinoma: a review with three illustrative cases. J Cancer. 2011;2:532–537. PubMed PMC

Sandelin K, Auer G, Bondeson L, Grimelius L, Farnebo LO. Prognostic factors in parathyroid cancer: a review of 95 cases. World J Surg. 1992;16:724–731. PubMed

Givi B, Shah JP. Parathyroid carcinoma. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2010;22(6):498–507. PubMed PMC

Silverberg SJ, Rubin MR, Faiman C, Peacock M, Shoback DM, Smallridge RC, Schwanauer LE, Olson KA, Klassen P, Bilezikian JP. Cinacalcet hydrochloride reduces the serum calcium concentration in inoperable parathyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92(10):3803–3808. PubMed

Captur G, Grimaud LM, Betts A, Degaetano J, Attard A, Vassallo J. Parathyroid carcinoma: clinical course, diagnosis and management. Malta Med J. 2010;22:25–30.