Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common oral ulcerative inflammatory disease with unknown etiology. IL-2 and IFN-γ are secreted by Th1 cells and the elevated levels of them have been reported in RAS. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-2 and IFN-γ genes could alter the cytokine production. The aim of this study was to investigate frequencies of IL-2 and IFN-γ alleles and genotypes in a group of patients with minor-RAS (MiRAS). PCR-SSP method used to type genomic DNA of 64 Iranian patients with MiRAS for IL-2 gene (G -330 T) and (G +166 T) and IFN-γ gene at position UTR5644 (A/T). Frequency of each allele and genotype was compared with control group. IL-2 +166 G allele was significantly lower among patients which was reflected in significantly decreased of GG genotype at this position, while IL-2 +166 T allele was significantly higher among patients, IL-2 GT genotype was also significantly higher in RAS patients. No significant differences were found regarding IL-2 -330 G/T allele frequencies, while IL-2 GT genotype at this position was significantly higher among patients and IL-2 -330 TT genotype was significantly lower among RAS patients. Although no significant differences were found in IFN-γ allele frequencies at UTR5644 (A/T), AT genotype at this position was significantly overrepresented among patients compared with controls. Results of this study suggest that certain SNPs of IL-2 and IFN-γ genes have association with predisposition of individuals to RAS. More studies in different ethnic groups are needed to confirm results of this study.

Department of Endodontics Dental Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran

Department of Hematology School of Allied Medical Science Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Department of Immunology School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Department of Oral Medicine School of Dentistry Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Department of Orthodontics Dental Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran

Network of Immunity in Infection Malignancy and Autoimmunity Sheffield UK

Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Children's Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

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