Research in algae usually focuses on the description and characterization of morpho-and phenotype as a result of adaptation to a particular habitat and its conditions. To better understand the evolution of lineages we characterized responses of filamentous streptophyte green algae of the genera Klebsormidium and Zygnema, and of a land plant-the moss Physcomitrellapatens-to genotoxic stress that might be relevant to their environment. We studied the induction and repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) elicited by the radiomimetic drug bleomycin, DNA single strand breaks (SSB) as consequence of base modification by the alkylation agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and of ultra violet (UV)-induced photo-dimers, because the mode of action of these three genotoxic agents is well understood. We show that the Klebsormidium and Physcomitrella are similarly sensitive to introduced DNA lesions and have similar rates of DSBs repair. In contrast, less DNA damage and higher repair rate of DSBs was detected in Zygnema, suggesting different mechanisms of maintaining genome integrity in response to genotoxic stress. Nevertheless, contrary to fewer detected lesions is Zygnema more sensitive to genotoxic treatment than Klebsormidium and Physcomitrella.

Biology Centre ASCR v v i Institute of Soil Biology Na Sádkach 7 37005 České Budějovice Czech Republic

Institute of Biophysics Czech Academy of Sciences v v i Královopolská 135 61265 Brno Czech Republic

Institute of Experimental Botany Czech Academy of Sciences v v i Na Karlovce 1 16000 Prague 6 Czech Republic

Institute of Microbiology ASCR Centrum Algatech Laboratory of photosynthesis Opatovický mlýn 379 81 Třeboň Czech Republic

Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics NCBR Faculty of Science Masaryk University Kotlářská 2 61137 Brno Czech Republic

Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics CEITEC Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 5 62500 Brno Czech Republic

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