Therapeutic targeting of non-coding RNAs in cancer
Language English Country Great Britain, England Media electronic
Document type Journal Article, Review
PubMed
29242381
DOI
10.1042/bcj20170079
PII: BCJ20170079
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- cancer, delivery systems, long non-coding RNA, microRNA, non-coding RNA, therapy,
- MeSH
- Molecular Targeted Therapy methods trends MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- MicroRNAs genetics MeSH
- Models, Genetic MeSH
- Neoplasms drug therapy genetics MeSH
- RNA, Untranslated genetics MeSH
- Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use MeSH
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic drug effects MeSH
- RNA, Long Noncoding genetics MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
- Names of Substances
- MicroRNAs MeSH
- RNA, Untranslated MeSH
- Antineoplastic Agents MeSH
- RNA, Long Noncoding MeSH
The majority of the human genome encodes RNAs that do not code for proteins. These non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) affect normal expression of the genes, including oncogenes and tumour suppressive genes, which make them a new class of targets for drug development in cancer. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) are the most studied regulatory ncRNAs to date, and miRNA-targeted therapeutics have already reached clinical development, including the mimics of the tumour suppressive miRNAs miR-34 and miR-16, which reached phase I clinical trials for the treatment of liver cancer and mesothelioma, the importance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is increasingly being recognised. Here, we describe obstacles and advances in the development of ncRNA therapeutics and provide the comprehensive overview of the ncRNA chemistry and delivery technologies. Furthermore, we summarise recent knowledge on the biological functions of miRNAs and their involvement in carcinogenesis, and discuss the strategies of their therapeutic manipulation in cancer. We review also the emerging insights into the role of lncRNAs and their potential as targets for novel treatment paradigms. Finally, we provide the up-to-date summary of clinical trials involving miRNAs and future directions in the development of ncRNA therapeutics.
References provided by Crossref.org