Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, resp.) have been traditionally perceived solely as detrimental, leading to oxidative damage of biological macromolecules and organelles, cellular demise, and ageing. However, recent data suggest that ROS/RNS also plays an integral role in intracellular signalling and redox homeostasis (redoxtasis), which are necessary for the maintenance of cellular functions. There is a complex relationship between cellular ROS/RNS content and autophagy, which represents one of the major quality control systems in the cell. In this review, we focus on redox signalling and autophagy regulation with a special interest on ageing-associated changes. In the last section, we describe the role of autophagy and redox signalling in the context of Alzheimer's disease as an example of a prevalent age-related disorder.

Centre for Experimental Medicine Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Videnska 1958 Prague Czech Republic

Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine University of Oslo 0318 Oslo Norway

Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas ISCIII Madrid Spain

Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols UAM CSIC Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz and Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Autonomous University of Madrid Madrid Spain

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