The neurohormones arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) synthesised in supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of neurohypophysis regulate lactation, systemic water homeostasis and nociception. Using transgenic rats expressing AVP and OT tagged with fluorescent proteins we demonstrate that both neurohormones are expressed in sensory neurones both in vitro, in primary cultures, and in situ, in the intact ganglia; this expression was further confirmed with immunocytochemistry. Both neurohormones were expressed in nociceptive neurones immunopositive to transient receptor potential vannilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel antibodies. The AVP and OT-expressing DRG neurones responded to AVP, OT, 50 mM K+ and capsaicin with [Ca2+]i transients; responses to AVP and OT were specifically blocked by the antagonists of V1 AVP and OT receptors. Probing the extracellular incubation saline with ELISA revealed AVP and OT secretion from isolated DRGs; this secretion was inhibited by tetanus toxin (TeNT) indicating the role for vesicular release. Expression of OT, but not AVP in DRG neurones significantly increased during lactation. Together, the results indicate novel physiological roles (possibly related to nociception and mood regulation) of AVP and OT in the sensory neurones.

Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science 48011 Bilbao Spain

Department of Molecular Neurophysiology Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences 14220 Prague Czech Republic

Department of Neuroscience 2nd faculty of Medicine Charles University 5 Uvalu 84 15006 Prague Czech Republic

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of Medicine Charles University at Plzen CZ 32300 Plzen Czech Republic

Department of Physiology School of Medicine University of Occupational and Environmental Health Kitakyushu 807 8555 Japan

Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes Sorbonne Les Patios Saint Jaques 75014 Paris France

Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health University of Manchester M13 9PT Manchester UK

Institut des Sciences Biologiques Neurosciences cognition Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique 3 rue Michel Ange 75794 Paris cedex 16 France

MMDN Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1198 Université de Montpellier 34095 Montpellier France

PrimeCell Therapeutics a s Palachovo Náměstí 2 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

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