Based on light and scanning electron microscopical studies of nematode specimens from the digestive tract of some rarely collected anguilliform and perciform fishes off New Caledonia, three new species of Cucullanus Müller, 1777 (Cucullanidae) are described: C. austropacificus n. sp. from the longfin African conger Conger cinereus (Congridae), C. gymnothoracis n. sp. from the lipspot moray Gymnothorax chilospilus (Muraenidae), and C. incognitus n. sp. from the seabream Dentex fourmanoiri (Sparidae). Cucullanus austropacificus n. sp. is characterized by the presence of cervical alae, ventral sucker, alate spicules 1.30-1.65 mm long, conspicuous outgrowths of the anterior and posterior cloacal lips and by elongate-oval eggs measuring 89-108 × 48-57 μm; C. gymnothoracis n. sp. is similar to the foregoing species, but differs from it in the absence of cervical alae and the posterior cloacal outgrowth, in the shape and size of the anterior cloacal outgrowth and somewhat shorter spicules 1.12 mm long; C. incognitus n. sp. (based on female morphology) differs from other congeneric species parasitic in the Sparidae mainly in possessing cervical alae, the postequatorial vulva, phasmids situated at the mid-length of the tail and in the size of the eggs (75-84 × 45-66 μm). A key to species of Cucullanus parasitizing anguilliform fishes is provided.

TITLE: Trois nouvelles espèces de Cucullanus (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) de poissons marins au large de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, avec une clé des espèces de Cucullanus d’Anguilliformes. ABSTRACT: Sur la base d’une étude en microscopie photonique et électronique à balayage de spécimens de nématodes provenant du tube digestif de quelques poissons anguilliformes et perciformes rarement pêchés en Nouvelle-Calédonie, trois nouvelles espèces de Cucullanus Müller, 1777 (Cucullanidae) sont décrites : C. austropacificus n. sp. de Conger cinereus (Congridae), C. gymnothoracis n. sp. de Gymnothorax chilospilus (Muraenidae) et C. incognitus n. sp. de Dentex fourmanoiri (Sparidae). Cucullanus austropacificus n. sp. est caractérisé par la présence d’ailes cervicales, une ventouse ventrale, des spicules ailés de 1,30-1,65 mm de long, des excroissances remarquables des lèvres cloacales antérieure et postérieure et d’oeufs ovales et allongés mesurant 89-108 × 48-57 μm. C. gymnothoracis n. sp. est semblable à l’espèce précédente, mais en diffère en l’absence d’ailes cervicales et d’excroissance cloacale postérieure, par la forme et la taille de l’excroissance cloacale antérieure et par des spicules un peu plus courts de 1,12 mm. C. incognitus n. sp. (basé sur la morphologie de la femelle) diffère des autres espèces congénères parasites chez les Sparidae principalement par la possession d’ailes cervicales, une vulve postéquatoriale, des phasmides situés à mi-longueur de la queue et par la taille des oeufs (75–84 × 45–66 μm). Une clé des espèces de Cucullanus parasitant les poissons anguilliformes est fournie.

Institut Systématique Évolution Biodiversité Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle CNRS Sorbonne Université EPHE CP 51 57 rue Cuvier 75005 Paris France

Institute of Parasitology Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic

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