The genome replication process is challenged at many levels. Replication must proceed through different problematic sites and obstacles, some of which can pause or even reverse the replication fork (RF). In addition, replication of DNA within chromosomes must deal with their topological constraints and spatial organization. One of the most important factors organizing DNA into higher-order structures are Structural Maintenance of Chromosome (SMC) complexes. In prokaryotes, SMC complexes ensure proper chromosomal partitioning during replication. In eukaryotes, cohesin and SMC5/6 complexes assist in replication. Interestingly, the SMC5/6 complexes seem to be involved in replication in many ways. They stabilize stalled RFs, restrain RF regression, participate in the restart of collapsed RFs, and buffer topological constraints during RF progression. In this (mini) review, I present an overview of these replication-related functions of SMC5/6.

Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 5 62500 Brno Czech Republic

National Centre for Biomolecular Research Faculty of Science Masaryk University Kotlarska 2 61137 Brno Czech Republic

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SMC5/6 complex-mediated SUMOylation stimulates DNA-protein cross-link repair in Arabidopsis

The SAGA histone acetyltransferase module targets SMC5/6 to specific genes

Role of Nse1 Subunit of SMC5/6 Complex as a Ubiquitin Ligase

Kleisin NSE4 of the SMC5/6 complex is necessary for DNA double strand break repair, but not for recovery from DNA damage in Physcomitrella (Physcomitrium patens)

A role of the Nse4 kleisin and Nse1/Nse3 KITE subunits in the ATPase cycle of SMC5/6