Multifunctional iron-biochar composites for the removal of potentially toxic elements, inherent cations, and hetero-chloride from hydraulic fracturing wastewater
Language English Country Netherlands Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
30685454
DOI
10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.047
PII: S0160-4120(18)32503-0
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- Engineered biochar, Fracturing wastewater treatment, Metals/metalloids, Mineral-carbon composites, Sustainable remediation,
- MeSH
- Adsorption MeSH
- Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry MeSH
- Chlorides chemistry MeSH
- Charcoal * MeSH
- Hydraulic Fracking MeSH
- Cations MeSH
- Wastewater chemistry MeSH
- Oxidation-Reduction MeSH
- Iron chemistry MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- biochar MeSH Browser
- Water Pollutants, Chemical MeSH
- Chlorides MeSH
- Charcoal * MeSH
- Cations MeSH
- Waste Water MeSH
- Iron MeSH
This paper evaluates a novel sorbent for the removal of potentially toxic elements, inherent cations, and hetero-chloride from hydraulic fracturing wastewater (FWW). A series of iron-biochar (Fe-BC) composites with different Fe/BC impregnation mass ratios (0.5:1, 1:1, and 2:1) were prepared by mixing forestry wood waste-derived BC powder with an aqueous FeCl3 solution and subsequently pyrolyzing them at 1000 °C in a N2-purged tubular furnace. The porosity, surface morphology, crystalline structure, and interfacial chemical behavior of the Fe-BC composites were characterized, revealing that Fe chelated with CO bonds as COFe moieties on the BC surface, which were subsequently reduced to a CC bond and nanoscale zerovalent Fe (nZVI) during pyrolysis. The performance of the Fe-BC composites was evaluated for simultaneous removal of potentially toxic elements (Cu(II), Cr(VI), Zn(II), and As(V)), inherent cations (K, Na, Ca, Mg, Ba, and Sr), hetero-chloride (1,1,2-trichlorethane (1,1,2-TCA)), and total organic carbon (TOC) from high-salinity (233 g L-1 total dissolved solids (TDS)) model FWW. By elucidating the removal mechanisms of different contaminants, we demonstrated that Fe-BC (1:1) had an optimal reducing/charge-transfer reactivity owing to the homogenous distribution of nZVI with the highest Fe0/Fe2+ ratio. A lower Fe content in Fe-BC (0.5:1) resulted in a rapid exhaustion of Fe0, while a higher Fe content in Fe-BC (2:1) caused severe aggregation and oxidization of Fe0, contributing to its complexation/(co-)precipitation with Fe2+/Fe3+. All of the synthesized Fe-BC composites exhibited a high removal capacity for inherent cations (3.2-7.2 g g-1) in FWW through bridging with the CO bonds and cation-π interactions. Overall, this study illustrated the potential efficacy and mechanistic roles of Fe-BC composites for (pre-)treatment of high-salinity and complex FWW.
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2E3 Canada
Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
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