A role for SPEECHLESS in the integration of leaf stomatal patterning with the growth vs disease trade-off in poplar
Language English Country England, Great Britain Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
31081152
DOI
10.1111/nph.15911
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- Keywords
- GWAS, Populus trichocarpa, amphistomaty, association genetics, immunity, stomata, trait trade-offs,
- MeSH
- Alleles MeSH
- Genome-Wide Association Study MeSH
- Species Specificity MeSH
- Phenotype MeSH
- Genotype MeSH
- Plant Immunity genetics MeSH
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide genetics MeSH
- Quantitative Trait, Heritable MeSH
- Climate MeSH
- Populus genetics growth & development immunology physiology MeSH
- Plant Stomata genetics physiology MeSH
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant MeSH
- Genes, Plant MeSH
- Plant Proteins genetics metabolism MeSH
- Body Patterning * MeSH
- Plant Development MeSH
- Geography MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Plant Proteins MeSH
Occurrence of stomata on both leaf surfaces (amphistomaty) promotes higher stomatal conductance and photosynthesis while simultaneously increasing exposure to potential disease agents in black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 2.2M single nucleotide polymorphisms generated through whole-genome sequencing found 280 loci associated with variation in adaxial stomatal traits, implicating genes regulating stomatal development and behavior. Strikingly, numerous loci regulating plant growth and response to biotic and abiotic stresses were also identified. The most significant locus was a poplar homologue of SPEECHLESS (PtSPCH1). Individuals possessing PtSPCH1 alleles associated with greater adaxial stomatal density originated primarily from environments with shorter growing seasons (e.g. northern latitudes, high elevations) or with less precipitation. PtSPCH1 was expressed in developing leaves but not developing stem xylem. In developing leaves, RNA sequencing showed patterns of coordinated expression between PtSPCH1 and other GWAS-identified genes. The breadth of our GWAS results suggests that the evolution of amphistomaty is part of a larger, complex response in plants. Suites of genes underpin this response, retrieved through genetic association to adaxial stomata, and show coordinated expression during development. We propose that the occurrence of amphistomaty in P. trichocarpa involves PtSPCH1 and reflects selection for supporting rapid growth over investment in immunity.
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