We use an optimal control protocol to cool one mode of the center-of-mass motion of an optically levitated nanoparticle. The feedback technique relies on exerting a Coulomb force on a charged particle with a pair of electrodes and follows the control law of a linear quadratic regulator, whose gains are optimized by a machine learning algorithm in under 5 s. With a simpler and more robust setup than optical feedback schemes, we achieve a minimum center-of-mass temperature of 5 mK at 3×10^{-7} mbar and transients 10-600 times faster than cold damping. This cooling technique can be easily extended to 3D cooling and is particularly relevant for studies demanding high repetition rates and force sensing experiments with levitated objects.

ICFO Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques Mediterranean Technology Park 08860 Castelldefels Spain

ICREA Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats 08010 Barcelona Spain

Quantum Optical Technology Group Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology 612 00 Brno Czech Republic

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Stroboscopic thermally-driven mechanical motion

Uncertainty-induced instantaneous speed and acceleration of a levitated particle