The Pleuroascaceae (Leotiomycetes) is introduced for Phialophora hyalina (section Catenulatae) and its closest relatives based on analyses of DNA sequences of five gene regions and the comparison of cultural and micromorphological characters. The family is resolved as a strongly supported clade that encompasses Pleuroascus and the new anamorph genera Entimomentora and Venustampulla. The latter includes V. parva, a species placed formerly in Scopulariopsis, and V. echinocandica, which is established for the echinocandin-producing isolate BP-5553. Entimomentora includes E. hyalina, a species based on the ex-type strain of Ph. hyalina. Additional isolates identified as Ph. hyalina are distantly related to the Pleuroacaceae and include Psychrophila antarctica (Arachnopezizaceae) and Cryonesomyces dreyfussii, the sole member of the new genus Cryonesomyces (incertae sedis). Isolates identified or deposited as Ph. alba are also not closely related; they include a species for which we propose the name Neobulgaria koningiana (Gelatinodiscaceae) and a second psychrophilic species that we describe as Psychrophila lagodekhiensis. Of the 13 isolates assessed for in vitro antifungal activity, only V. echinocandica inhibited the growth of Candida albicans.

Department of Biology Brandon University Brandon MB R7A 6A9 Canada

Department of Taxonomy Institute of Botany Czech Academy of Sciences Czech Republic

Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 142 20 Czech Republic

Texas Therapeutics Institute The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center 1881 East Road Houston Texas 77054

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Fungal Planet description sheets: 1697-1780

New insights into the systematics of Bactrodesmium and its allies and introducing new genera, species and morphological patterns in the Pleurotheciales and Savoryellales (Sordariomycetes)