The world's challenges of climate change, damage to ecosystems, and social and health inequalities require changes in human behaviours at every level of organisation, among governments, business, communities, and individuals. An important question is how behaviour change can be enabled and supported at the scale and speed required. The research reported in this paper describes important lessons for good practice in changing contexts to modify behaviours for a triple win for health, equity and environmental sustainability. Authors synthesised learning from qualitative, quantitative and cost benefit evaluations of 15 case studies conducted in 12 countries in Europe. The case studies address ways of living (green spaces and energy efficient housing), moving (active transport) and consuming (healthy and sustainable diets) that support the triple win. Ten lessons for good practice were identified. These include bringing a triple win mindset to policy and practice in planning interventions, with potential to improve environmental sustainability, health and equity at the same time. The lessons for good practice are intended to support governmental and non-governmental actors, practitioners and researchers planning to work across sectors to achieve mutual benefits for health and environmental sustainability and in particular to benefit poorer and more socio-economically disadvantaged groups.

Basque Centre for Climate Change Spain

Charles University Environment Centre 162 00 Prague Czech Republic

Collaborating Centre on Sustainable Consumption and Production 42107 Wuppertal Germany

Department of Economics Universidad de Alcalá 28801 Alcalá Spain

Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology 7030 Trondheim Norway

Department of Public Health and Nursing NTNU Center for Health Promotion Research Norwegian University of Science and Technology 7030 Trondheim Norway

Eindhoven University of Technology Human Technology Interaction group 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands

EuroHealthNet 1000 Brussels Belgium

European Centre for Environment and Human Health University of Exeter Medical School Truro TR1 3HD UK

Federal Centre for Health Education Cologne 50825 Germany

Health Economics Group University of Exeter Medical School Exeter EX1 2LU UK

Institute of Health Equity UCL London WC1E 7HB UK

Instituto Universitário de Lisboa CIS IUL 1649 026 Lisboa Portugal

National Institute for Public Health and the Environment Centre for Sustainability Environment and Health 3720 BA Bilthoven The Netherlands

Philips Research Brain Behavior and Cognition Group 5656 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands

Prolepsis Institute 151 25 Athens Greece

Public Health Agency of Sweden Solna 171 82 Sweden

Riga City Council 1010 Riga Latvia

The Institute of Public Health of the Republic of North Macedonia 1000 Skopje Republic of North Macedonia

University of Ghent 9000 Ghent Belgium

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