The existence of membrane contact sites (MCS) has been reported in different systems in the past decade, and their importance has been recognised by the cell biology community. Amongst all endomembrane structures, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays vital roles in organising the organelle interaction network with the plasma membrane (PM), Golgi bodies, mitochondria, plastids, endosomes and autophagosomes. A number of methods have been used to study the establishment and functions of these interactions, among them, light microscopy appears to be one of the most effective approaches. Here, we present an overview of the discovery of ER-PM contact sites, and highlight the latest developments in light microscopical-based techniques that can be used for their study.

Department of Biosciences Durham University Durham U K

Faculty of Science Department of Experimental Plant Biology Charles University Praha 2 Czechia

Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei Province China

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SEED LIPID DROPLET PROTEIN1, SEED LIPID DROPLET PROTEIN2, and LIPID DROPLET PLASMA MEMBRANE ADAPTOR mediate lipid droplet-plasma membrane tethering