In optical camera communications (OCC), the provision of both flicker-free illumination and high data rates are challenging issues, which can be addressed by utilizing the rolling-shutter (RS) property of the image sensors as the receiver (Rx). In this paper, we propose an RS-based multiple-input multiple-output OCC scheme for the Internet of things (IoT) application. A simplified design of multi-channel transmitter (Tx) using a 7.2 × 7.2 cm2 small 8 × 8 distributed light emitting diode (LED) array, based on grouping of LEDs, is proposed for flicker-free transmission. We carry out an experimental investigation of the indoor OCC system by employing a Raspberry Pi camera as the Rx, with RS capturing mode. Despite the small area of the display, flicker-free communication links within the range of 20-100 cm are established with data throughput of 960 to 120 bps sufficient for IoT. A method to extend link spans up to 1.8 m and the data throughput to 13.44 kbps using different configurations of multi-channel Tx is provided. The peak signal-to-noise ratio of ~14 and 16 dB and the rate of successfully received bits of 99.4 and 81% are measured for the shutter speeds of 200 and 800 µs for a link span of 1 m, respectively.

Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University Prague Technicka 16627 Prague Czech Republic

Institute for Technological Development and Innovation in Communications Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35001 Las Palmas Spain

Optical Communications Research Group Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK

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Editorial to the Special Issue on "Visible Light Communications, Networking, and Sensing"

Performance of Vehicular Visible Light Communications under the Effects of Atmospheric Turbulence with Aperture Averaging

Utilization of an OLED-Based VLC System in Office, Corridor, and Semi-Open Corridor Environments