Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is an important photoprotective mechanism in plants and algae. Although the process is extensively studied, little is known about its relationship with ultrastructural changes of the thylakoid membranes. In order to better understand this relationship, we studied the effects of illumination on the organization of thylakoid membranes in Monstera deliciosa leaves. This evergreen species is known to exhibit very large NPQ and to possess giant grana with dozens of stacked thylakoids. It is thus ideally suited for small-angle neutron scattering measurements (SANS)-a non-invasive technique, which is capable of providing spatially and statistically averaged information on the periodicity of the thylakoid membranes and their rapid reorganizations in vivo. We show that NPQ-inducing illumination causes a strong decrease in the periodic order of granum thylakoid membranes. Development of NPQ and light-induced ultrastructural changes, as well as the relaxation processes, follow similar kinetic patterns. Surprisingly, whereas NPQ is suppressed by diuron, it impedes only the relaxation of the structural changes and not its formation, suggesting that structural changes do not cause but enable NPQ. We also demonstrate that the diminishment of SANS peak does not originate from light-induced redistribution and reorientation of chloroplasts inside the cells.

Biological Research Centre Institute of Biophysics Temesvári körút 62 6726 Szeged Hungary

Biological Research Centre Institute of Plant Biology 6726 Szeged Hungary

Department of Physics Faculty of Science Ostrava University Chittussiho 10 710 00 Ostrava Czech Republic

European Spallation Source ESS ERIC PO Box 176 221 00 Lund Sweden

Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ 85748 Garching Germany

Institut Laue Langevin BP 156 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 France

Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics Wigner Research Centre for Physics 1121 Budapest Hungary

Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging Paul Scherrer Institute CH 5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland

Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion Stiftstr 34 36 45470 Mülheim a d Ruhr Germany

Neutron Spectroscopy Department Centre for Energy Research H 1121 Budapest Konkoly Thege Miklós út 29 33 Hungary

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Editorial

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