Recent studies have shown that drug-induced spatial alteration patterns in resting state functional activity as measured using magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) are associated with the distribution of specific receptor systems targeted by respective compounds. Based on this approach, we introduce a toolbox (JuSpace) allowing for cross-modal correlation of MRI-based measures with nuclear imaging derived estimates covering various neurotransmitter systems including dopaminergic, serotonergic, noradrenergic, and GABAergic (gamma-aminobutric acid) neurotransmission. We apply JuSpace to two datasets covering Parkinson's disease patients (PD) and risperidone-induced changes in rsfMRI and cerebral blood flow (CBF). Consistently with the predominant neurodegeneration of dopaminergic and serotonergic system in PD, we find significant spatial associations between rsfMRI activity alterations in PD and dopaminergic (D2) and serotonergic systems (5-HT1b). Risperidone induced CBF alterations were correlated with its main targets in serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. JuSpace provides a biologically meaningful framework for linking neuroimaging to underlying neurotransmitter information.

Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK

Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience Charles University 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital Prague Czech Republic

Department of Nuclear Medicine University Hospital of Leipzig Leipzig Germany

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria

Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Brain and Behaviour Research Centre Jülich Jülich Germany

Institute of Systems Neuroscience Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany

Roche Pharma Research and Early Development Roche Innovation Center Basel F Hoffmann La Roche Ltd Basel Switzerland

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