Bone defect is a noteworthy health problem and is the second most transplanted tissue after blood. Numerous bone grafts are designed and applied in clinics. Limitations, however, from different aspects still exist, including limited supply, mechanical strength, and bioactivity. In this study, two biomimetic peptides (P2 and P6) are incorporated into a composite bioactive xeno hybrid bone graft named SmartBonePep®, with the aim to increase the bioactivity of the bone graft. The results, which include cytotoxicity, proliferation rate, confocal microscopy, gene expression, and protein qualification, successfully prove that the SmartBonePep® has multi-modal biological effects on human mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow. The effective physical entrapment of P6 into a composite xeno-hybrid bone graft, withstanding manufacturing processes including exposure to strong organic solvents and ethylene oxide sterilization, increases the osteogenic potential of the stem cells as well as cell attachment and proliferation. P2 and P6 both show a strong biological potential and may be future candidates for enhancing the clinical performance of bone grafts.

Corticalis AS Oslo Norway

Department of Biomaterials Faculty of Dentistry University of Oslo Oslo Norway

Department of Biophysics 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University Prague Czechia

Department of Orthopedic Surgery Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Department of Tissue Engineering Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czechia

Faculty of Biomedical Sciences University of Southern Switzerland Lugano Switzerland

Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt Neuherberg Germany

Industrie Biomediche Insubri S A Mezzovico Vira Switzerland

Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology Vienna Austria

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