Background: Systems Medicine is a novel approach to medicine, that is, an interdisciplinary field that considers the human body as a system, composed of multiple parts and of complex relationships at multiple levels, and further integrated into an environment. Exploring Systems Medicine implies understanding and combining concepts coming from diametral different fields, including medicine, biology, statistics, modeling and simulation, and data science. Such heterogeneity leads to semantic issues, which may slow down implementation and fruitful interaction between these highly diverse fields. Methods: In this review, we collect and explain more than100 terms related to Systems Medicine. These include both modeling and data science terms and basic systems medicine terms, along with some synthetic definitions, examples of applications, and lists of relevant references. Results: This glossary aims at being a first aid kit for the Systems Medicine researcher facing an unfamiliar term, where he/she can get a first understanding of them, and, more importantly, examples and references for digging into the topic.

Altnagelvin Area Hospital Western Health and Social Care Trust Altnagelvin United Kingdom

BIO3 Systems Genetics GIGA R University of Liege Liege Belgium

BIO3 Systems Medicine Department of Human Genetics KU Leuven Leuven Belgium

Bioengineering Research and Development Center Kragujevac Serbia

Biomechanics and Bioengineering Laboratory Université de Technologie de Compiègne Compiègne France

Center for Physiology and Pharmacology Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria

Center for Research and Technology Hellas Hellenic Institute of Transport Thessaloniki Greece

Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio Chips Institute of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia

Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway Forskningparken Oslo Norway

Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal

Centro de Tecnología Biomédica Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain

CNR National Research Council IAC Institute for Applied Computing Rome Italy

College of Artificial Intelligence Nankai University Tianjin China

Computational Systems Biology Group Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology University of Latvia Riga Latvia

Data and Signal Processing Research Group University of Vic Central University of Catalonia Vic Spain

Department of Animal Science Biotechnical Faculty University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia

Department of Automation Biocybernetics and Robotics Jozef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia

Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic

Department of Drug Sciences University of Catania Catania Italy

Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Kaunas University of Technology Kaunas Lithuania

Department of Pharmacology University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom

Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom

Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre Portalegre Portugal

Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers University Politehnica of Bucharest Bucharest Romania

Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia

Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Ss Cyril and Methodius University Skopje Macedonia

Faculty of Engineering University of Kragujevac Kragujevac Serbia

Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Science Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands

Faculty of Sciences Holon Institute of Technology Holon Israel

Faculty of Technology Management Holon Institute of Technology Holon Israel

Independent Researcher

Intelligent Systems Research Centre School of Computing Engineering and Intelligent Systems Ulster University Ulster United Kingdom

Lab of Computing Medical Informatics and Biomedical Imaging Technologies School of Medicine Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

Labex MS2T Control of Technological Systems of Systems CNRS and Université de Technologie de Compiègne Compiègne France

Laboratory of Experimental Medicine Medicine Faculty Université libre de Bruxelles CHU de Charleroi Charleroi Belgium

Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine Biomedical Sciences Research Institute Ulster University Ulster United Kingdom

Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine Ulster University Londonderry United Kingdom

Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of Medicine Galway Neuroscience Centre National University of Ireland Galway Republic of Ireland

School of Computing Ulster University Ulster United Kingdom

Shanghai Centre for Systems Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and School of Systems Science Beijing Normal University Beijing China

Steinbeis Advanced Risk Technologies Institute doo Kragujevac Kragujevac Serbia

The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics Nicosia Cyprus

TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan Technical University of Munich Freising Germany

Université Clermont Auvergne INRAE UNH Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme MetaboHUB Clermont Clermont Ferrand France

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Systems Biology in ELIXIR: modelling in the spotlight