The aim of our study was to analyze mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) gene expression profiles in subcutaneous (SAT) and epicardial (EAT) adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and myocardium in patients with and without CAD undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Thirty-eight patients, 27 with (CAD group) and 11 without CAD (noCAD group), undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valvular surgery were included in the study. EAT, SAT, intercostal skeletal muscle, and right atrium tissue and blood samples were collected at the start and end of surgery; mRNA expression of selected mitochondrial and ER stress genes was assessed using qRT-PCR. The presence of CAD was associated with decreased mRNA expression of most of the investigated mitochondrial respiratory chain genes in EAT, while no such changes were seen in SAT or other tissues. In contrast, the expression of ER stress genes did not differ between the CAD and noCAD groups in almost any tissue. Cardiac surgery further augmented mitochondrial dysfunction in EAT. In our study, CAD was associated with decreased expression of mitochondrial, but not endoplasmic reticulum stress genes in EAT. These changes may contribute to the acceleration of coronary atherosclerosis.

1st Faculty of Medicine Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics Charles University and General University Hospital U Nemocnice 499 2 128 08 Nové Město Prague Czech Republic

Centre for Experimental Medicine Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Vídeňská 1958 140 21 Prague 4 Czech Republic

Department of Anesthesia and Resuscitation Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Vídeňská 1958 140 21 Prague 4 Czech Republic

Department of Cardiac Surgery Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Vídeňská 1958 140 21 Prague 4 Czech Republic

Department of Diabetes Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Vídeňská 1958 140 21 Prague 4 Czech Republic

Department of Oncology and Metabolism University of Sheffield Sheffield S0114 UK

Shackleton Department of Anaesthesia UHS NHS UK Southampton General Hospital Southampton SO14 UK

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