PURPOSE: The potential of UV-mediated photofunctionalization to enhance the resin-based luting agent bonding performance to aged materials was investigated. METHODS: Sixty samples of each material were prepared. Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YZr) and Pd-Au alloy (Pd-Au) plates were fabricated and sandblasted. Lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDS) was CAD-CAM prepared and ground with #800 SiC paper. Half of the specimens were immersed in machine oil for 24 h to simulate the carbon adsorption. Then, all of the specimens (noncarbon- and carbon-adsorbed) were submitted to UV-mediated photofunctionalization with a 15 W UV-LED (265 nm, 300 mA, 7692 μW/cm2) for 0 (control groups), 5, and 15 min and subjected to contact angle (Ɵ) measurement and bonded using a resin cement (Panavia™ V5, Kuraray Noritake, Japan). The tensile bond strength (TBS) test was performed after 24 h. The Ɵ (°) and TBS (MPa) data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni correction tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: In the carbon-adsorbed groups, UV-mediated photofunctionalization for 5 min significantly decreased Ɵ of all materials and increased TBS of YZr, and UV for 15 min significantly increased the TBS of LDS and Pd-Au. In noncarbon-adsorbed groups, UV-photofunctionalization did not significantly change the Ɵ or TBS except YZr specimens UV-photofunctionalized for 15 min. CONCLUSION: UV-mediated photofunctionalization might have removed the adsorbed hydrocarbon molecules from the materials' surfaces and enhanced bond strengths of Panavia™ V5 to YZr, LDS, and Pd-Au. Additionally, UV-mediated photofunctionalization improved the overall TBS of YZr. Further investigation on the optimum conditions of UV photofunctionalization on indirect restorative materials should be conducted.

Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1 5 45 Yushima Bunkyo ku Tokyo 113 8549 Japan

Department of Operative Dentistry Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation School of Dentistry Asahi University 1851 Hozumi Mizuho Gifu 501 0296 Japan

Department of Operative Dentistry Lutheran University of Brazil 301 Cachoeira do Sul Canoas RS 96501 595 Brazil

Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences 3 18 15 Kuramotocho Tokushima 770 8504 Japan

Department of Removable Partial Prosthodontics Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1 5 45 Yushima Bunkyo ku Tokyo 113 8549 Japan

Department of Restorative Dentistry and Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry Chiang Mai University Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology Chiang Mai University T Suthep A Muang Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand

Department of Restorative Dentistry Graduate School of Dental Medicine Hokkaido University Kita 13 Nishi 7 Sapporo 001 0012 Japan

Faculty of Dentistry Bangkok Thonburi University 16 10 Taweewatana Bangkok 10170 Thailand

General Dentistry 1 The Nippon Dental University Hospital 2 3 16 Fujimi Chiyoda ku Tokyo 102 8158 Japan

Institute of Dental Medicine 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University and General University Hospital Prague Karlovo namesti 32 Prague 121 11 Czech Republic

Oral Prosthetic Engineering Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences and Technology Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1 5 45 Yushima Bunkyo ku Tokyo 113 8549 Japan

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