Účel studie: Radiosynoviortéza (RSO), dříve též nazývána slovem radiosynovektomie (RS), je metoda zaměřená na léčbu bolesti a otoku kloubů způsobených synovitidou u artritid a dekompenzovaných artróz prostřednictvím lokální aplikace beta zářičů. Zářením vyvolaná povrchová nekróza části buněk v synoviální membráně ve svém výsledku může zmírnit bolest, snížit otoky a zlepšit funkci kloubů. Materiál a metoda: V období 2013–2024 bylo RSO léčeno celkem 436 pacientů, z toho 291 pro otok kolenního kloubu vzniklý v důsledku dekompenzované artrózy a 172 kvůli artritidě. Kolenní kloub byl RSO ošetřen 268krát a malé a střední klouby 50krát. Používalo se yttrium u kolenních kloubů, rhenium u středních nebo erbium u malých kloubů. Samotný zákrok spočíval v punkci kloubu a odsátí případného kloubního výpotku, následné aplikaci radiofarmaka a imobilizaci kloubu po dobu 2–3 dnů. Výsledky: K hodnocení klinického efektu RSO jsme vybrali aplikace v letech 2022 a 2023. V roce 2022 bylo provedeno 45 ošetření a v roce 2023 dalších 26. Po jednom roce bylo 61 % pacientů s léčbou kolenních kloubů zcela spokojeno, přičemž uváděli zmenšení otoku a zlepšení rozsahu pohybu. U pacientů léčených s malými a středně velkými klouby se celkové zlepšení objevilo u 57 % z nich. Někteří zaznamenali recidivující výpotek menšího objemu nebo jen částečné zlepšení. Závěr: Radiosynoviortéza je účinná léčba otoků a bolesti kloubů způsobených synovitidou s pozitivními výsledky jak u kolenních, tak i menších kloubů, což je doloženo jak objektivními, tak subjektivními zlepšeními.
Purpose of the study: Radiosynoviorthesis (RSO), previously also called radiosynovectomy (RS), is a method focused on the treatment of joint pain and swelling caused by synovitis in arthritis and decompensated osteoarthrosis using beta emitters. Radiation-induced surface necrosis of part of the cells in the synovial membrane can, as a result, relieve pain, reduce swelling, and improve joint function. Material and method: Between 2013-2024, 436 patients were treated with RSO, primarily for knee joint swelling due to decompensated osteoarthrosis (291 patients) and arthritis (172 patients). RSO was performed on the knee (268 cases) and on small/medium joints (50 cases), using yttrium for knee joints, rhenium for medium joins or erbium for small joints. The procedure involved puncture of the joint and suction of any joint effusion, injecting the radioactive isotope, and subsequently immobilizing the joint for 2–3 days. Results: We selected treatments in 2022 and 2023 to evaluate the clinical effect of RSO. In 2022, 45 treatments were performed, and in 2023 another 26. One year post-treatment, 61 % of patients with knee joint involvement were fully satisfied, reporting reduced swelling and improved range of motion. Among patients treated for small and medium-sized joints, 57 % experienced overall improvement. Some patients observed recurring effusions of smaller volume or only partial improvement. Conclusion: Radiosynoviorthesis is an effective treatment for joint swelling and pain caused by synovitis, with positive outcomes seen in knee as well as smaller joints. Both objective and subjective assessments confirmed significant benefits.
- Keywords
- radiosynoviortéza,
- MeSH
- Arthritis diagnostic imaging radiotherapy MeSH
- Erbium administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Injections, Intra-Articular MeSH
- Clinical Trials as Topic MeSH
- Osteoarthritis diagnostic imaging radiotherapy MeSH
- Radiopharmaceuticals * administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Yttrium Radioisotopes administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Rhenium administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Synovitis * diagnostic imaging radiotherapy MeSH
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a promising technique for the readout of immunochemical assays utilizing indirect detection of labels (Tag-LIBS), typically based on nanoparticles. We have previously demonstrated that Tag-LIBS immunoassay employing yttrium-based photon-upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) can reach sensitivity similar to commonly used enzyme and fluorescence immunoassays. In this study, we report on further increasing the sensitivity of UCNP-based Tag-LIBS immunoassay by employing magnetic microbeads (MBs) as the solid phase in the determination of cancer biomarker prostate-specific antigen. Due to the possibility of analyte preconcentration, MBs enabled achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 4.0 pg·mL-1, representing two orders of magnitude improvement compared with equivalent microtiter plate-based assay (LOD of 460 pg·mL-1). In addition, utilizing MBs opens up the possibility of an internal standardization of the LIBS readout by employing iron spectral lines, which improves the assay robustness by compensating for LIBS signal fluctuations and bead-bound immunocomplexes lost throughout the washing steps. Finally, the practical applicability of the technique was confirmed by the successful analysis of clinical samples, showing a strong correlation with the standard electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Overall, MB-based Tag-LIBS was confirmed as a promising immunoassay approach, combining fast readout, multiplexing possibilities, and high sensitivity approaching upconversion luminescence scanning while avoiding the requirement of luminescence properties of labels.
- MeSH
- Immunoassay methods MeSH
- Lasers * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Limit of Detection * MeSH
- Microspheres MeSH
- Prostate-Specific Antigen * analysis immunology blood MeSH
- Spectrum Analysis methods MeSH
- Yttrium chemistry radiation effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Primary liver tumours (i.e. hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC)) are among the most frequent cancers worldwide. However, only 10-20% of patients are amenable to curative treatment, such as resection or transplant. Liver metastases are most frequently caused by colorectal cancer, which accounts for the second most cancer-related deaths in Europe. In both primary and secondary tumours, radioembolization has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment option. The vast potential of personalized dosimetry has also been shown, resulting in markedly increased response rates and overall survival. In a rapidly evolving therapeutic landscape, the role of radioembolization will be subject to changes. Therefore, the decision for radioembolization should be taken by a multidisciplinary tumour board in accordance with the current clinical guidelines. The purpose of this procedure guideline is to assist the nuclear medicine physician in treating and managing patients undergoing radioembolization treatment. PREAMBLE: The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) is a professional non-profit medical association that facilitates communication worldwide among individuals pursuing clinical and research excellence in nuclear medicine. The EANM was founded in 1985. These guidelines are intended to assist practitioners in providing appropriate nuclear medicine care for patients. They are not inflexible rules or requirements of practice and are not intended, nor should they be used, to establish a legal standard of care. The ultimate judgment regarding the propriety of any specific procedure or course of action must be made by medical professionals taking into account the unique circumstances of each case. Thus, there is no implication that an approach differing from the guidelines, standing alone, is below the standard of care. To the contrary, a conscientious practitioner may responsibly adopt a course of action different from that set out in the guidelines when, in the reasonable judgment of the practitioner, such course of action is indicated by the condition of the patient, limitations of available resources or advances in knowledge or technology subsequent to publication of the guidelines. The practice of medicine involves not only the science but also the art of dealing with the prevention, diagnosis, alleviation and treatment of disease. The variety and complexity of human conditions make it impossible to always reach the most appropriate diagnosis or to predict with certainty a particular response to treatment. Therefore, it should be recognised that adherence to these guidelines will not ensure an accurate diagnosis or a successful outcome. All that should be expected is that the practitioner will follow a reasonable course of action based on current knowledge, available resources and the needs of the patient to deliver effective and safe medical care. The sole purpose of these guidelines is to assist practitioners in achieving this objective.
- MeSH
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular * drug therapy radiotherapy MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Microspheres MeSH
- Liver Neoplasms * diagnostic imaging radiotherapy MeSH
- Bile Duct Neoplasms * drug therapy MeSH
- Yttrium Radioisotopes therapeutic use MeSH
- Embolization, Therapeutic * MeSH
- Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic pathology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Upconverting luminescent lanthanide-doped nanoparticles (UCNP) belong to promising new materials that absorb infrared light able to penetrate in the deep tissue level, while emitting photons in the visible or ultraviolet region, which makes them favorable for bioimaging and cell labeling. Here, we have prepared upconverting NaYF4:Yb,Er@NaYF4:Nd core-shell nanoparticles, which were coated with copolymers of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and 2-(acryloylamino)-2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid (AMPS) or tert-butyl [2-(acryloylamino)ethyl]carbamate (AEC-Boc) with negative or positive charges, respectively. The copolymers were synthesized by a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, reaching Mn ~ 11 kDa and containing ~ 5 mol% of reactive groups. All copolymers contained bisphosphonate end-groups to be firmly anchored on the surface of NaYF4:Yb,Er@NaYF4:Nd core-shell nanoparticles. To compare properties of polymer coatings, poly(ethylene glycol)-coated and neat UCNP were used as a control. UCNP with various charges were then studied as labels of carcinoma cells, including human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2, human cervical cancer HeLa, and rat insulinoma INS-1E cells. All the particles proved to be biocompatible (nontoxic); depending on their ξ-potential, the ability to penetrate the cells differed. This ability together with the upconversion luminescence are basic prerequisites for application of particles in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of various tumors, where emission of nanoparticles in visible light range at ~ 650 nm excites photosensitizer.
- MeSH
- Acrylamides chemistry MeSH
- Hep G2 Cells MeSH
- Fluorescent Dyes chemistry MeSH
- Fluorides chemistry MeSH
- HeLa Cells MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neoplasms diagnostic imaging MeSH
- Nanoparticles chemistry MeSH
- Optical Imaging methods MeSH
- Yttrium chemistry MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Purpose: The potential of UV-mediated photofunctionalization to enhance the resin-based luting agent bonding performance to aged materials was investigated. Methods: Sixty samples of each material were prepared. Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YZr) and Pd-Au alloy (Pd-Au) plates were fabricated and sandblasted. Lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDS) was CAD-CAM prepared and ground with #800 SiC paper. Half of the specimens were immersed in machine oil for 24 h to simulate the carbon adsorption. Then, all of the specimens (noncarbon- and carbon-adsorbed) were submitted to UV-mediated photofunctionalization with a 15 W UV-LED (265 nm, 300 mA, 7692 μW/cm2) for 0 (control groups), 5, and 15 min and subjected to contact angle (Ɵ) measurement and bonded using a resin cement (Panavia™ V5, Kuraray Noritake, Japan). The tensile bond strength (TBS) test was performed after 24 h. The Ɵ (°) and TBS (MPa) data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni correction tests (α = 0.05). Results: In the carbon-adsorbed groups, UV-mediated photofunctionalization for 5 min significantly decreased Ɵ of all materials and increased TBS of YZr, and UV for 15 min significantly increased the TBS of LDS and Pd-Au. In noncarbon-adsorbed groups, UV-photofunctionalization did not significantly change the Ɵ or TBS except YZr specimens UV-photofunctionalized for 15 min. Conclusion: UV-mediated photofunctionalization might have removed the adsorbed hydrocarbon molecules from the materials' surfaces and enhanced bond strengths of Panavia™ V5 to YZr, LDS, and Pd-Au. Additionally, UV-mediated photofunctionalization improved the overall TBS of YZr. Further investigation on the optimum conditions of UV photofunctionalization on indirect restorative materials should be conducted.
- MeSH
- Adsorption MeSH
- Dental Stress Analysis MeSH
- Computer-Aided Design MeSH
- Photochemistry methods MeSH
- Ceramics MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Palladium chemistry MeSH
- Tensile Strength MeSH
- Surface Properties MeSH
- Prospective Studies MeSH
- Resin Cements chemistry MeSH
- Materials Testing MeSH
- Carbon MeSH
- Hydrocarbons chemistry MeSH
- Ultraviolet Rays MeSH
- Dental Bonding MeSH
- Yttrium chemistry MeSH
- Zirconium chemistry MeSH
- Gold chemistry MeSH
- Dental Porcelain MeSH
- Dental Alloys * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has garnered immense attention as a minimally invasive clinical treatment modality for malignant cancers. However, its low penetration depth and photodamage of living tissues by UV and visible light, which activate a photosensitizer, limit the application of PDT. In this study, monodisperse NaYF4 :Yb3+ /Er3+ nanospheres 20 nm in diameter, that serve as near-infrared (NIR)-to-visible light converters and activators of a photosensitizer, were synthesized by high-temperature co-precipitation of lanthanide chlorides in a high-boiling organic solvent (octadec-1-ene). The nanoparticles were coated with a thin shell (≈3 nm) of homogenous silica via the hydrolysis and condensation of tetramethyl orthosilicate. The NaYF4 :Yb3+ /Er3+ @SiO2 particles were further functionalized by methacrylate-terminated groups via 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate. To introduce a large number of reactive amino groups on the particle surface, methacrylate-terminated NaYF4 :Yb3+ /Er3+ @SiO2 nanospheres were modified with a branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) via Michael addition. Aluminum carboxyphthalocyanine (Al Pc-COOH) was then conjugated to NaYF4 :Yb3+ /Er3+ @SiO2 -PEI nanospheres via carbodiimide chemistry. The resulting NaYF4 :Yb3+ /Er3+ @SiO2 -PEI-Pc particles were finally modified with succinimidyl ester of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in order to alleviate their future uptake by the reticuloendothelial system. Upon 980 nm irradiation, the intensive red emission of NaYF4 :Yb3+ /Er3+ @SiO2 -PEI-Pc-PEG nanoparticles completely vanished, indicating efficient energy transfer from the nanoparticles to Al Pc-COOH, which generates singlet oxygen (1 O2 ). Last but not least, NaYF4 :Yb3+ /Er3+ @SiO2 -PEI-Pc-PEG nanospheres were intratumorally administered into mammary carcinoma MDA-MB-231 growing subcutaneously in athymic nude mice. Extensive necrosis developed at the tumor site of all mice 24-48 h after irradiation by laser at 980 nm wavelength. The results demonstrate that the NaYF4 :Yb3+ /Er3+ @SiO2 -PEI-Pc-PEG nanospheres have great potential as a novel NIR-triggered PDT nanoplatform for deep-tissue cancer therapy.
- MeSH
- Erbium chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Neoplasms, Experimental drug therapy pathology MeSH
- Fluorides chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Photochemotherapy * MeSH
- Photosensitizing Agents chemical synthesis chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Indoles chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Molecular Structure MeSH
- Mice, Nude MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Cell Line, Tumor MeSH
- Nanospheres chemistry MeSH
- Silicon Dioxide chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Cell Proliferation drug effects MeSH
- Antineoplastic Agents chemical synthesis chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor MeSH
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MeSH
- Structure-Activity Relationship MeSH
- Ytterbium chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Yttrium chemistry pharmacology MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
A conceptually new bimodal immunoradiotherapy treatment was demonstrated using thermoresponsive polymer β-glucan-graft-poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline-co-2-butyl-2-oxazoline) bearing complexes of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid with yttrium-90(III) at the graft ends. The behavior of this thermoresponsive polymer in aqueous solutions was studied, and it showed the appropriate cloud point temperature for brachytherapy applications. The polymer was tested in vitro, and it exhibited nontoxicity and active uptake into cancer cells and macrophages with colocalization in the lysosomes and macrophagosomes. Moreover, the observed oxidative burst response of the leukocytes established the immunostimulatory properties of the polymer, which were also studied in vivo after injection into the thigh muscles of healthy mice. The subsequent histological evaluation revealed the extensive immune activation reactions at the site of injection. Furthermore, the production of tumor necrosis factor α induced by the prepared polymer was observed in vitro, denoting the optimistic prognosis of the treatment. The biodistribution study in vivo indicated the formation of the polymer depot, which was gradually degraded and excluded from the body. The radiolabeled polymer was used during in vivo antitumor efficiency experiments on mice with EL4 lymphoma. The immunoradiotherapy group (treated with the radiolabeled polymer) demonstrated the complete inhibition of tumor growth during the beginning of the treatment. Moreover, 7 of the 15 mice were completely cured in this group, while the others exhibited significantly prolonged survival time compared to the control group. The in vivo experiments indicated the considerable synergistic effect of using immunoradiotherapy compared to separately using immunotherapy or radiotherapy.
- MeSH
- Anti-Bacterial Agents chemical synthesis pharmacology MeSH
- Aza Compounds chemistry MeSH
- beta-Glucans chemistry MeSH
- Brachytherapy methods MeSH
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring chemistry MeSH
- Immune System drug effects MeSH
- Coordination Complexes chemistry MeSH
- Leukocytes drug effects metabolism MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mice, Inbred C57BL MeSH
- Cell Line, Tumor MeSH
- Oxazoles chemistry MeSH
- Oxidation-Reduction MeSH
- Polymers chemistry MeSH
- Antineoplastic Agents chemical synthesis pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Radioimmunotherapy methods MeSH
- Yttrium Radioisotopes chemistry MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus drug effects MeSH
- Temperature MeSH
- Cell Survival drug effects MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
In this report, monodisperse upconversion NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ nanoparticles with superior optical properties were synthesized by the oleic acid-stabilized high-temperature co-precipitation of lanthanide chlorides in octadec-1-ene as a high-boiling organic solvent. To render the particles with biocompatibility and colloidal stability in bioanalytically relevant phosphate buffered saline (PBS), they were modified by using in-house synthesized poly(ethylene glycol)-neridronate (PEG-Ner), a bisphosponate. The NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@PEG nanoparticles showed excellent long-term stability in PBS and/or albumin without any aggregation or morphology transformation. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was evaluated using primary fibroblasts (HF) and a cell line derived from human cervical carcinoma (HeLa). The particles were subsequently modified by using Bolton-Hunter-hydroxybisphosphonate to enable radiolabeling with 125I for single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) bimodal imaging to monitor the biodistribution of the nanoparticles in non-tumor mice. The bimodal upconversion 125I-radiolabeled NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@PEG nanoparticles are prospective for near-infrared (NIR) photothermal/photodynamic and SPECT/CT cancer theranostics.
- MeSH
- Diphosphonates * MeSH
- Fluorides MeSH
- HeLa Cells MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Mice, Inbred BALB C MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Nanoparticles * chemistry MeSH
- Iodine Radioisotopes MeSH
- Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Computed Tomography * MeSH
- Tissue Distribution MeSH
- Yttrium MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Animals MeSH
Rapid measurement techniques are required for a large-scale emergency monitoring of people. In vivo measurement of the bremsstrahlung radiation produced by incorporated pure-beta emitters can offer a rapid technique for the determination of such radionuclides in the human body. This work presents a method for the calibration of spectrometers, based on the use of UPh-02T (so-called IGOR) phantom and specific (90)Sr/(90)Y sources, which can account for recent as well as previous contaminations. The process of the whole- and partial-body counter calibration in combination with application of a Monte Carlo code offers readily extension also to other pure-beta emitters and various exposure scenarios.
- MeSH
- Beta Particles MeSH
- Whole-Body Counting instrumentation methods MeSH
- Radiation Dosage MeSH
- Electromagnetic Radiation MeSH
- Phantoms, Imaging MeSH
- Calibration MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Monte Carlo Method MeSH
- Radiation Monitoring instrumentation methods MeSH
- Radiation Protection instrumentation methods MeSH
- Strontium Radioisotopes analysis MeSH
- Yttrium Radioisotopes analysis MeSH
- Radioisotopes MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Folikulární lymfomy představují druhý nejčastější typ lymfomu. Charakteristickou molekulárně biologickou změnou je t(14;18)(q32;q21). Na ni navazují další změny vedoucí k progresi onemocnění. Důležitou roli hraje mikroprostředí. Obvykle je diagnostikován v pokročilém stadiu, průběh je u většiny případů indolentní, nicméně u části dochází k rychlé progresi. V současné době dosahuje medián přežití bez progrese 6–7 let a medián celkového přežití se pohybuje mezi 10 a 15 lety. K výraznému zlepšení došlo zavedením imunoterapie – rituximabu – do léčebného přístupu, a to jak do léčby indukční, tak udržovací. Přes toto zlepšení je nutné počítat s opakovanými relapsy, pro jejichž léčbu se nabízí různé postupy v závislosti na řadě faktorů. Nepříznivý vývoj je histologická transformace do difuzního velkobuněčného lymfomu. Předkládaný přehled ve stručnosti shrnuje poznatky o biologii, klinickém průběhu a léčbě.
Follicular lymphomas represent the second most frequent lymphoma subtype. Translocation t(14;18)(q32;q21) is a characteristic biologic hallmark. It is not sufficient to drive follicular lymphomas development and subsequent molecular defect appears which lead to follicular lymphomas development and progression. The microenvironment plays an important role. The disease is usually diagnosed in an advanced clinical stage. The course is mostly indolent, but there is a subgroup characterized by rapid progression. The outcome has been improved with median of progression free survival between 6–7 years and overall survival between 10 and 15 years. The outcome improvement was caused by introduction of immunotherapy – rituximab, both in induction as well as in maintenance therapy. Despite this improvement, subsequent relapses occur, they can be managed by a variety of approaches based on many factors. The most adverse event is histological transformation. The present review briefly summarizes understanding of biology, clinical course and management. Key words: follicular lymphoma – diagnosis – treatment This study was supported by grants of Internal Grant Agency of the Czech Ministry of Health No. NT13072-4/2012 and NT12193-5/2011. The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers. Submitted: 29. 9. 2015 Accepted: 1. 10. 2015
- Keywords
- protokol R-CHOP, Y- ibritumomab tiuxetan,
- MeSH
- Survival Analysis MeSH
- Antigens, CD20 MeSH
- Long-Term Care MeSH
- Lymphoma, Follicular * diagnosis physiopathology therapy MeSH
- Induction Chemotherapy MeSH
- Combined Modality Therapy MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Antibodies, Monoclonal therapeutic use MeSH
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived administration & dosage therapeutic use MeSH
- Watchful Waiting * MeSH
- Disease-Free Survival MeSH
- Prognosis MeSH
- Disease Progression MeSH
- Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use MeSH
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use MeSH
- Radioimmunotherapy MeSH
- Yttrium Radioisotopes therapeutic use MeSH
- Radiotherapy MeSH
- Recurrence MeSH
- Rituximab MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Neoplasm Grading MeSH
- Maintenance Chemotherapy MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Review MeSH
