Pharmaceutical care necessitates significant efforts from patients, informal caregivers, the interprofessional team of health care professionals and health care system administrators. Collaboration, mutual respect and agreement amongst all stakeholders regarding responsibilities throughout the complex process of pharmaceutical care is needed before patients can take full advantage of modern medicine. Based on the literature and policy documents, in this position paper, we reflect on opportunities for integrated evidence-based pharmaceutical care to improve care quality and patient outcomes from a nursing perspective. Despite the consensus that interprofessional collaboration is essential, in clinical practice, research, education and policy-making challenges are often not addressed interprofessionally. This paper concludes with specific advises to move towards the implementation of more interprofessional, evidence-based pharmaceutical care.

1st Faculty of Medicine Institute of Nursing Theory and Practice Charles University 11000 Prague Czech Republic

Centre for Research and Innovation in Care Department of Nursing and Midwifery Science Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp 2610 Antwerp Belgium

Department of Nursing Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP Wales UK

Faculty of Health and Welfare Østfold University College 1757 Halden Norway

Laboratory of Integrated Health Care Department of Nursing University of Peloponnese 22100 Tripolis Greece

Research Group Care for the Chronically Ill University of Applied Sciences Utrecht 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands

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