The molecular target of mycotoxins is not fully understood. Extensive data derived from cell and animal experimental studies demonstrate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in mycotoxin-induced toxicities. Mycotoxins stimulate the upregulation/downregulation of lncRNA expression, which further promote apoptosis, is related to the mTOR/FoxO signaling pathway, and contributes to tumor cell growth, death, and liver and chondrocyte damage. Moreover, lncRNA can establish interactions with NF-κB and cause immune evasion. These preliminary data suggest that lncRNAs are involved in potential upstream regulatory events and further regulate downstream apoptosis, oxidative stress, and anti-apoptotic events that affect cell death and survival. Therefore, we hypothesize that lncRNAs are potential targets of mycotoxins. Investigation of the expression of the potential target lncRNAs by mycotoxin-mediated stimulation, and exploration of the upstream and downstream relationship between lncRNA and the key proteins involved in mycotoxin toxicity, should be performed. This Hypothesis provides clues for further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of mycotoxins.

College of Life Science Yangtze University Jingzhou 434025 China

College of Life Science Yangtze University Jingzhou 434025 China; Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Králové 50003 Czech Republic

Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Králové 50003 Czech Republic

Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Králové 50003 Czech Republic; Department for Experimental Toxicology and Pharmacology National Poison Control Centre Military Medical Academy 11000 Belgrade Serbia; Department of Pharmacological Science Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy University of Defence 11000 Belgrade Serbia

MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China; Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Králové 50003 Czech Republic

National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China

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