Altered copy number of certain highly repetitive regions of the genome, such as satellite DNA within heterochromatin and ribosomal RNA loci (rDNA), is hypothesized to help safeguard the genome against damage derived from external stressors. We quantified copy number of the 18S rDNA and a pericentromeric satellite DNA (Msat-160) in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) inhabiting the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ), an area that is contaminated by radionuclides and where organisms are exposed to elevated levels of ionizing radiation. We found a significant increase in 18S rDNA and Msat-160 content in the genomes of bank voles from contaminated locations within the CEZ compared with animals from uncontaminated locations. Moreover, 18S rDNA and Msat-160 copy number were positively correlated in the genomes of bank voles from uncontaminated, but not in the genomes of animals inhabiting contaminated, areas. These results show the capacity for local-scale geographic variation in genome architecture and are consistent with the genomic safeguard hypothesis. Disruption of cellular processes related to genomic stability appears to be a hallmark effect in bank voles inhabiting areas contaminated by radionuclides.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Robson DNA Science Centre Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Canada

Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland

Department of Cell Biology and Radiobiology Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic

Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics NCBR Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Science Kyiv Ukraine

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Small Body, Large Chromosomes: Centric Fusions Shaped the Karyotype of the Amazonian Miniature Fish Nannostomus anduzei (Characiformes, Lebiasinidae)

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