Nanozymes (NZs) are nanomaterials that mimic enzyme-like catalytic activity. They have attracted substantial attention due to their inherent physicochemical properties for use as promising alternatives to natural enzymes (NEs) in a variety of research fields. Particularly, in biosensing and bioassays, NZs have opened a new horizon to eliminate the intrinsic limitations of NEs, including their denaturation at extreme pH values and temperatures, poor reusability and recyclability, and high production costs. Moreover, the catalytic activity of NZs can be modulated in the preparation step by following an appropriate synthesis strategy. This review aims to gain insight into the potential substitution of NEs by NZs in biosensing and bioassays while considering both the pros and cons.

Charles University Faculty of Science Department of Analytical Chemistry UNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry Albertov 6 CZ 12843 Prague 2 Czech Republic

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in Brno CZ 613 00 Brno Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology 612 00 Brno Czech Republic

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