Studying Chinese Foreign Policy Narratives: Introducing the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Press Conferences Corpus

. 2021 ; 26 (4) : 743-761. [epub] 20210923

Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE Jazyk angličtina Země Nizozemsko Médium print-electronic

Typ dokumentu časopisecké články, přehledy

Perzistentní odkaz   https://www.medvik.cz/link/pmid34580572

The paper presents an original corpus of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs press conferences. The dataset is a unique source of information on official positions and diplomatic narratives of China mapping almost two decades of its foreign policy discourse. The corpus contains almost 23,000 question - answer dyads from 2002 to 2020 ready to be used for analytical purposes. We argue the dataset is an important contribution to the scholarship on Chinese foreign policy stimulating further research using corpus based methods while employing both qualitative and quantitative strategies. We demonstrate possible applications of the corpus with two case studies: first maps the diplomatic discourse towards the US under the presidency of Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping (employing quantitative tools), while second analyzes narratives concerning the South China Sea disputes (employing more qualitative approach).

Zobrazit více v PubMed

AllenNLP. 2020. Named Entity Recognition. https://demo.allennlp.org/named-entity-recognition/named-entity-recognition. Accessed 23 January 2021.

Internet Archive. 2019. Wayback Machine. https://web.archive.org/. Accessed 7 January 2021.

Bastian, Mathieu, Sebastien Heymann, and Mathieu Jacomy. 2009. Gephi: An Open Source Software for Exploring and Manipulating Networks Visualization and Exploration of Large Graphs. In Third International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media, 1–2. https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/ICWSM/article/view/13937.

Benabdallah, Lina. 2020. Spanning Thousands of Miles and Years: Political Nostalgia and China’s Revival of the Silk Road. International Studies Quarterly online: 1–12. 10.1093/isq/sqaa080.

Berenskoetter F. Parameters of a national biography. European Journal of International Relations. 2014;20:262–288. doi: 10.1177/1354066112445290. DOI

Brady A-M. Magic weapons: China’s political influence activities under xi Jinping. 2017.

Breuer A, Johnston AI. Memes, narratives and the emergent US–China security dilemma. Cambridge Review of International Affairs. 2019;32:429–455. doi: 10.1080/09557571.2019.1622083. DOI

Brown K. Chinese storytelling in the xi Jinping era. The Hague Journal of Diplomacy. 2021;51:1–11. doi: 10.1163/1871191X-BJA10054. DOI

Chang, Yung-Yung. 2021. The Post-Pandemic World: between Constitutionalized and Authoritarian Orders – China’s Narrative-Power Play in the Pandemic Era. Journal of Chinese Political Science 26. Springer Science and Business Media B.V.: 27–65. 10.1007/s11366-020-09695-3. PubMed PMC

Chen D, Wang J. Lying low no more? China’s new thinking on the Tao Guang Yang Hui strategy. China: An International Journal. 2011;9:195–216. doi: 10.1142/S0219747211000136. DOI

Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2019. Regular Press Conferences.

Chubb A. PRC assertiveness in the South China Sea: Measuring continuity and change, 1970–2015. International Security. 2021;45:79–121. doi: 10.1162/isec_a_00400. DOI

Cronin, Patrick M. 2016. Power and Order in the South China Sea. Center for New American Security.https://www.cnas.org/publications/reports/power-and-order-in-the-south-china-sea. Accessed 20 January 2021.

Dai, Yaoyao, and Luwei Rose Luqiu. 2021. China’s Wolf Warrior Diplomacy and Xi Jinping’s Grand Diplomatic Strategy. Researchgate. 10.13140/RG.2.2.22107.08484.

Edney K. The globalization of Chinese propaganda. The globalization of Chinese propaganda. New York: Palgrave Macmillan; 2014.

Finnemore M, Sikkink K. International norm dynamics and political change. International Organization. 1998;52:887–917. doi: 10.3928/00904481-20080701-02. DOI

Friedberg AL. The sources of Chinese conduct: Explaining Beijing’s assertiveness. Washington Quarterly. 2014;37:133–150. doi: 10.1080/0163660X.2014.1002160. DOI

Harrison, John. 2019. R Bindings for “Selenium WebDriver” [R package RSelenium version 1.7.5]. Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN). https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RSelenium/index.html. Accessed 23 March 2020.

He K, Feng H. Debating China’s assertiveness: Taking China’s power and interests seriously. International Politics. 2012;49:633–644. doi: 10.1057/ip.2012.18. DOI

Hu, Minqing, and Bing Liu. 2004. Mining and summarizing customer reviews. In KDD-2004 - Proceedings of the Tenth ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 168–177. New York, New York, USA: Association for Computing Machinery. 10.1145/1014052.1014073.

Chan, Seng In, and Weiqing Song. 2020. Telling the China Story Well: A Discursive Approach to the Analysis of Chinese Foreign Policy in the “Belt and Road” Initiative. Chinese Political Science Review 2020 5:3 5. Springer: 417–437. 10.1007/S41111-020-00146-1.

Jaworsky, Bernadette Nadya, and Runya Qiaoan. 2020. The politics of blaming: The narrative Battle between China and the US over COVID-19. Journal of Chinese Political Science: 1–21. 10.1007/s11366-020-09690-8. PubMed PMC

Jerdén B. The assertive China narrative: Why it is wrong and how so many still bought into it. Chinese Journal of International Politics. 2014;7:47–88. doi: 10.1093/cjip/pot019. DOI

Jockers, M. J. 2017. Syuzhet: An R package for the extraction of sentiment and sentiment-based plot arcs from text.

Johnston AI. How new and assertive is china’s new assertiveness? International Security. 2013;37:7–48. doi: 10.1162/ISEC_a_00115. DOI

Karmazin A. Slogans as an organizational feature of Chinese politics. Journal of Chinese Political Science. 2020;25:411–429. doi: 10.1007/s11366-019-09651-w. DOI

Lams L. Examining strategic narratives in Chinese official discourse under xi Jinping. Journal of Chinese Political Science. 2018;23:387–411. doi: 10.1007/s11366-018-9529-8. DOI

Langendonk S. Discourse power as a means to ‘struggle for position’: A critical case study of the belt and road Narrative’s effects on foreign policy formulation in the Netherlands. Journal of Chinese Political Science. 2020;25:241–260. doi: 10.1007/s11366-019-09649-4. DOI

Marakhovskaiia M, Partington A. National Face and Facework in China’s foreign policy. Bandung. 2019;6:105–131. doi: 10.1163/21983534-00601004. DOI

Mierzejewski D, Kowalski B. China’s selective identities. Global political transitions. Singapore: Springer; 2019.

Miller, Manjari Chattterjee. 2021. Why nations rise: narratives and the path to great power (Book, 2021) [WorldCat.org]. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Miskimmon, Alister, Ben O’Loughlin, and Jinghan Zeng, ed. 2021. One Belt, One Road, One Story? Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics. Cham: Springer. 10.1007/978-3-030-53153-9.

NED. 2017. Sharp Power: Rising Authoritarian Influence. https://www.ned.org/sharp-power-rising-authoritarian-influence-forum-report/. Accessed 30 January 2021.

Overholser G, Jamieson KH. The press. New York: Oxford University Press; 2005.

Pence, Mike. 2019. Remarks by Vice President Pence at the Frederic V. Malek Memorial Lecture | The White House.

Peng W. Strategic maneuvering by personal attacks in spokespersons’ argumentative replies at diplomatic press conferences. Journal of Argumentation in Context. 2017;6:285–314. doi: 10.1075/jaic.17022.wu. DOI

Poh A, Li M. A China in transition: The rhetoric and substance of Chinese foreign policy under xi Jinping. Asian Security. 2017;13:84–97. doi: 10.1080/14799855.2017.1286163. DOI

Rinker, Tyler. 2019. Sentimentr: Dictionary based sentiment analysis that considers valence shifters.

Rogelja I, Tsimonis K. Narrating the China threat: Securitising Chinese economic presence in Europe. The Chinese Journal of International Politics. 2020;13:103–133. doi: 10.1093/cjip/poz019. DOI

Rudis, Bob. 2018. GitHub - hrbrmstr/wayback: Tools to Work with the Various Internet Archive Wayback Machine APIs. https://github.com/hrbrmstr/wayback. Accessed 15 January 2021.

Sacks H. Lectures on conversation. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell; 1995.

Scobell A, Harold SW. An “assertive” China? Insights from interviews. Asian Security. 2013;9:111–131. doi: 10.1080/14799855.2013.795549. DOI

Semenov, Alexander, and Anatoly Tsvyk. 2021. The Approach to the Chinese Diplomatic Discourse. Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2021 Online. Springer: 1–22. 10.1007/S40647-021-00321-X.

Shambaugh D. China Goes global: The partial power. New York: Oxford University Press; 2013.

Shei C, editor. The Routledge handbook of Chinese discourse analysis. London: Routledge; 2019.

Shullman D. China’s malign influence corrodes democracy: Major US think tank. Washington: IRI; 2019.

Sorensen CTN. That is not intervention; that is interference with Chinese characteristics: New concepts, distinctions and approaches developing in the Chinese debate and foreign and security policy practice. China Quarterly. 2019;239:594–613. doi: 10.1017/S0305741018001728. DOI

Storey, Ian, and Cheng-Yi Lin, ed. 2016. The South China Sea Dispute: Navigating Diplomatic and Strategic Tensions |bookshop.iseas.edu.sg. Singapore: ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute.

Swaine MD. China’s assertive behavior - part one: On “Core interests” - Carnegie endowment for international peace. China Leadership Monitor. 2010;34:1–25.

Swaine MD. Perceptions of an assertive China. China Leadership Monitor. 2010;32:1–19.

Swaine MD. Chinese views and Chinese views and commentary on periphery diplomacy. China Leadership Monitor. 2014;44:1–43.

Turcsanyi, Richard Q. 2018. Chinese Assertiveness in the South China Sea: Power Sources, Domestic Politics, and Reactive Foreign Policy. Cham: Springer. 10.1007/978-3-319-67648-7.

Turcsanyi R, Kachlikova E. The BRI and China’s soft power in Europe: Why Chinese narratives (initially) won. Journal of Current Chinese Affairs. 2020;49:58–81. doi: 10.1177/1868102620963134. DOI

Van Noort, Carolijn, and Thomas Colley. 2021. How do strategic narratives shape policy adoption? Responses to China’s Belt and Road Initiative. Review of International Studies 47. Cambridge University Press: 39–63. 10.1017/S0260210520000388.

Wang Z. The economic rise of China: Rule-taker, rule-maker, or rule-breaker? Asian Survey. 2017;57:595–617. doi: 10.1525/AS.2017.57.4.595. DOI

Weiss JC, Dafoe A. Authoritarian audiences, rhetoric, and propaganda in international crises: Evidence from China. International Studies Quarterly. 2019;63:963–973. doi: 10.1093/isq/sqz059. DOI

Wickham, Hadley. 2016. Package rvest.

Wu F, Zhao H. How to respond to journalists’ questions? A new perspective on Chinese premiers’ aggressiveness at press conferences (1993–2015) Asian Journal of Communication. 2016;26:446–465. doi: 10.1080/01292986.2016.1192210. DOI

Yahuda M. China’s new assertiveness in the South China Sea. Journal of Contemporary China. 2013;22:446–459. doi: 10.1080/10670564.2012.748964. DOI

Yan X. From keeping a low profile to striving for achievement. Chinese Journal of International Politics. 2014;7:153–184. doi: 10.1093/cjip/pou027. DOI

Yang YE. China’s strategic narratives in global governance reform under xi Jinping. Journal of Contemporary China. 2020;30:299–313. doi: 10.1080/10670564.2020.1790904. DOI

Yang Y, Chen X. Globalism or nationalism? The paradox of Chinese official discourse in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak. Journal of Chinese Political Science. 2021;26:89–113. doi: 10.1007/s11366-020-09697-1. PubMed DOI PMC

Ying, Li Jian. 2019. How the Foreign Ministry Spokesperson System was Established” (Wai jiao bu fa yan ren zhi du shi zen yang jian li de). The Paper. https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_2897667. Accessed 12 March 2021.

Zhang, Qingmin, and Yi Edward Yang. 2020. Bridging Chinese Foreign Policy Studies and Foreign Policy Analysis: Towards a Research Agenda for Mutual Gains. Journal of Chinese Political Science 2020 25:4 25. Springer: 663–680. 10.1007/S11366-020-09685-5.

Zhou F. Between assertiveness and self-restraint: Understanding China’s South China Sea policy. International Affairs. 2016;92:869–890. doi: 10.1111/1468-2346.12657. DOI

Najít záznam

Citační ukazatele

Pouze přihlášení uživatelé

Možnosti archivace

Nahrávání dat ...