The Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) supports international standards that enable a federated data sharing model for the research community while respecting data security, ethical and regulatory frameworks, and data authorization and access processes for sensitive data. The GA4GH Passport standard (Passport) defines a machine-readable digital identity that conveys roles and data access permissions (called "visas") for individual users. Visas are issued by data stewards, including data access committees (DACs) working with public databases, the entities responsible for the quality, integrity, and access arrangements for the datasets in the management of human biomedical data. Passports streamline management of data access rights across data systems by using visas that present a data user's digital identity and permissions across organizations, tools, environments, and services. We describe real-world implementations of the GA4GH Passport standard in use cases from ELIXIR Europe, National Institutes of Health, and the Autism Sharing Initiative. These implementations demonstrate that the Passport standard has provided transparent mechanisms for establishing permissions and authorizing data access across platforms.

Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA 02142 USA

CSC IT Center for Science Espoo 02101 Finland

Datadex Inc Toronto ON M5V 0C4 Canada

DNAstack Toronto ON M5H 1T1 Canada

ELIXIR Finland Espoo 02101 Finland

ELIXIR Luxembourg Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine University of Luxembourg 4367 Belvaux Luxembourg

European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute Hinxton Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD UK

Global Alliance for Genomics and Health Toronto ON M5G 0A3 Canada

Google LLC Kitchener ON N2H 5G5 Canada

Masaryk University Brno 602 00 Czech Republic

McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience McGill University Montreal QC H3A 2B4 Canada

National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA

Verily Life Sciences South San Francisco CA 94080 USA

Wellcome Sanger Institute Hinxton Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK

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The Data Use Ontology to streamline responsible access to human biomedical datasets

GA4GH: International policies and standards for data sharing across genomic research and healthcare