Periodontitis and dental caries are two major bacterially induced, non-communicable diseases that cause the deterioration of oral health, with implications in patients' general health. Early, precise diagnosis and personalized monitoring are essential for the efficient prevention and management of these diseases. Here, we present a disk-shaped microfluidic platform (OralDisk) compatible with chair-side use that enables analysis of non-invasively collected whole saliva samples and molecular-based detection of ten bacteria: seven periodontitis-associated (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Campylobacter rectus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola) and three caries-associated (oral Lactobacilli, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus). Each OralDisk test required 400 µL of homogenized whole saliva. The automated workflow included bacterial DNA extraction, purification and hydrolysis probe real-time PCR detection of the target pathogens. All reagents were pre-stored within the disk and sample-to-answer processing took < 3 h using a compact, customized processing device. A technical feasibility study (25 OralDisks) was conducted using samples from healthy, periodontitis and caries patients. The comparison of the OralDisk with a lab-based reference method revealed a ~90% agreement amongst targets detected as positive and negative. This shows the OralDisk's potential and suitability for inclusion in larger prospective implementation studies in dental care settings.

AIT Austrian Institute of Technology Molecular Diagnostics Giefinggasse 4 1210 Wien Austria

BioVendor Laboratorní Medicína a s Research and Diagnostic Products Division Karasek 1767 1 Reckovice 62100 Brno Czech Republic

Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry Center of Dental Medicine University of Zurich Plattenstrasse 11 8032 Zurich Switzerland

ClinicaGeno Ltd 11 Station Approach Coulsdon CR5 2NR UK

Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Ostrava Syllabova 19 70300 Ostrava Czech Republic

Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam 3015 CN Rotterdam The Netherlands

Department of Oral Biochemistry Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam Free University of Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam 1081 LA Amsterdam The Netherlands

Department of Pathology and Clinical Bioinformatics Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam 3015 CN Rotterdam The Netherlands

Faculty of Pharmacy Masaryk University Palackeho trida 1946 1 61242 Brno Czech Republic

Hahn Schickard Georges Koehler Allee 103 79110 Freiburg Germany

Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics University Hospital Ostrava 17 Listopadu 1790 5 70800 Ostrava Czech Republic

Laboratory for MEMS Applications IMTEK Department of Microsystems Engineering University of Freiburg Georges Koehler Allee 103 79110 Freiburg Germany

Magtivio B 5 Daelderweg 9 6361 HK Nuth The Netherlands

Section of Oral Health and Periodontology Division of Oral Diseases Department of Dental Medicine Karolinska Institutet 14104 Huddinge Sweden

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ImmunoDisk-A Fully Automated Bead-Based Immunoassay Cartridge with All Reagents Pre-Stored