The use of nano-sized materials is increasingly growing, while consequent health and environmental risks are still disputed. On the other hand, plant extracts have been reported to improve fish general health status and enhance antioxidant capacity. Thus, the present study was aimed to assess potential effects of Allium hirtifolium extract (AHE) to fortify antioxidant responses of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to foodborne Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). Five hundred and forty fish were randomly allocated into 18 tanks and received six diets including a basal diet (as control), basal diet incorporated with either 13 mg/kg (ZnO-25) or 26 mg/kg (ZnO-50) of ZnO-NPs, 1.5% AHE (AHE-1.5), and similar concentrations of ZnO-NPs plus AHE (ZnO-25-AHE) and (ZnO-50-AHE) for a period of 30 days. Results revealed that blood indices, stress biomarkers (glucose and cortisol), and antioxidant parameters and genes in AHE-1.5 group were significantly modulated and improved when compared to other groups (P < 0.05). In AHE-enriched groups, serum and liver tissue antioxidative parameters were enhanced as reflected in a noticeable decrease in malondialdehyde value and an increase in catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. However, current results showed that diets incorporated with ZnO-NPs elevated the stress parameters besides a significant reduction for most measured biochemical parameters and AHE supplementation ameliorated these effects in terms of improving antioxidant parameters. In ZnO-25-AHE, and ZnO-50-AHE, the values for expression of GPx were found significantly (P < 0.05) different from that of ZnO-25 and ZnO-50. On the contrary, SOD showed a non-significant difference (P > 0.05) among control, ZnO-25, and ZnO-50-AHE, also in-between ZnO-25 and ZnO-25-AHE. The present results indicate that AHE supplementation could trigger antioxidant responses both at tissue and molecular levels suggesting its outstanding protective effects against foodborne toxicity of ZnO-NPs in Common carp.

Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand

Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand; Innovative Agriculture Research Center Faculty of Agriculture Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand

Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences Tarbiat Modares University 64414 356 Noor Iran

Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences Tarbiat Modares University 64414 356 Noor Iran; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters Na Sádkách 1780 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic

Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Benha University Moshtohor Toukh 13736 QG Egypt; National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues China

Department of Fish Diseases and Management Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig 44519 Egypt

Department of Fisheries Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Gorgan Iran

Department of Fisheries Faculty of Natural Resources Urmia University Urmia Iran

Department of Physiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Suez Canal University P O Box 41522 Ismailia Egypt

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