Genome editing offers revolutionized solutions for plant breeding to sustain food production to feed the world by 2050. Therefore, genome-edited products are increasingly recognized via more relaxed legislation and community adoption. The world population and food production are disproportionally growing in a manner that would have never matched each other under the current agricultural practices. The emerging crisis is more evident with the subtle changes in climate and the running-off of natural genetic resources that could be easily used in breeding in conventional ways. Under these circumstances, affordable CRISPR-Cas-based gene-editing technologies have brought hope and charged the old plant breeding machine with the most energetic and powerful fuel to address the challenges involved in feeding the world. What makes CRISPR-Cas the most powerful gene-editing technology? What are the differences between it and the other genetic engineering/breeding techniques? Would its products be labeled as "conventional" or "GMO"? There are so many questions to be answered, or that cannot be answered within the limitations of our current understanding. Therefore, we would like to discuss and answer some of the mentioned questions regarding recent progress in technology development. We hope this review will offer another view on the role of CRISPR-Cas technology in future of plant breeding for food production and beyond.

Centre for Plant Genome Engineering Institute of Plant Biochemistry Heinrich Heine University Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany

Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute Palacký University Olomouc 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic

Division of Applied Life Science Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center Gyeongsang National University Jinju 660 701 Republic of Korea

Division of Life Science Gyeongsang National University 501 Jinju daero Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea

National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Biotechnology Agricultural Genetics Institute km 02 Pham Van Dong Road Co Nhue 1 Bac Tu Liem Hanoi 11917 Vietnam

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