Rice is a premier staple food that constitutes the bulk of the daily diet of the majority of people in Asia. Agricultural productivity must be boosted to support this huge demand for rice. However, production is jeopardized by soil salinity. Advances in whole-genome sequencing, marker-assisted breeding strategies, and targeted mutagenesis have substantially improved the toolbox of today's breeders. Given that salinity has a major influence on rice at both the seedling and reproductive stages, understanding and manipulating this trait will have an enormous impact on sustainable production. This article summarizes recent developments in the understanding of the mechanisms of salt tolerance and how state-of-the-art tools such as RNA guided CRISPR endonuclease technology including targeted mutagenesis or base and prime editing can help in gene discovery and functional analysis as well as in transferring favorable alleles into elite breeding material to speed the breeding of salt-tolerant rice cultivars.

Centre for Plant Genome Engineering Institute of Plant Biochemistry Heinrich Heine University Universitätsstraße 1 40225 Düsseldorf Germany; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research Corrensstraße 3 OT Gatersleben 06466 Seeland Germany; Division of Molecular Biology Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agriculture Research Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute Palacký University Olomouc Czech Republic

Department of Biotechnology Visva Bharati Santiniketan 731235 West Bengal India

Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops Khudwani 192101 Sher e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Kashmir J and K India

Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia

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