We studied the taxonomy of Pluteus insidiosus and similar species using morphological and molecular (nrITS, TEF1-α) data, including a detailed study of the type collection of P. insidiosus. Based on our results, we recognize five species in this group: P. insidiosus sensu stricto and four other taxa: P. assimilatus; P. farensis; P. flavostipitatus; and P. pseudoinsidiosus; described here as new. All these taxa are distinct from each other based on molecular data, but some of them are semi-cryptic based on morphology and co-occur in the Palaearctic region. An additional molecular lineage, phylogenetically separates from the P. insidiosus complex, but with many morphological similarities, was recognized in the molecular phylogenies. Based on the revision of available type collections, the name Pluteus reisneri Velen., was adopted for this Clade. Pluteus reisneri was validly published in 1921, but it has barely been used since its original description. A modern epitype, with molecular data, was selected for P. reisneri.

Associazione Micologica Bassa Friulana Via Vespucci 7 33052 Cervignano del Friuli Italy

Center for Macroecology Evolution and Climate GLOBE Institute University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 15 2100 Copenhagen Denmark

Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Arts Gaziosmanpaşa University Tokat 60010 Turkey

Department of Botany Moravian Museum Zelný trh 6 CZ 659 37 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Plant and Animal Production Atabey Vocational School Isparta University of Applied Sciences Isparta 32670 Turkey

Faculté de Pharmacie University of Lille ULR 4515 LGCgE F 59000 Lille France

IFungiLab Subarea of Biology Rua Pedro Vicente 625 Sao Paulo 01109 010 Brazil

Independent Researcher 15029 Solero Italy

Independent Researcher 1825 Copenhagen Denmark

Independent Researcher 190005 St Petersburg Russia

Independent Researcher 194021 St Petersburg Russia

Independent Researcher 50650 Gallur Spain

Independent Researcher AT 6020 Innsbruck Austria

Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu J Liivi 2 50409 Tartu Estonia

New Brunswick Museum 277 Douglas Ave Saint John NB E2K 1E5 Canada

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