The influence of Mo on the electronic states and crystalline structure, as well as morphology, phase composition, luminescence, and defects in ZnO rods grown as free-standing nanoparticles, was studied using a variety of experimental techniques. Mo has almost no influence on the luminescence of the grown ZnO particles, whereas shallow donors are strongly affected in ZnO rods. Annealing in air causes exciton and defect-related bands to drop upon Mo doping level. The increase of the Mo doping level from 20 to 30% leads to the creation of dominating molybdates. This leads to a concomitant drop in the number of formed ZnO nanorods.

Department of Chemistry and Physics of Surfaces and Interfaces Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Heyrovský sq 2 162 06 Prague Czech Republic

Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University Prague Technická 2 166 27 Prague Czech Republic

Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Institute of Physics Charles University Ke Karlovu 5 121 16 Prague Czech Republic

Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University Prague Trojanova 13 120 00 Prague Czech Republic

FZU Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Na Slovance 1999 2 182 21 Prague Czech Republic

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