Over the past years, the use of renewable energy sources (RESs) has grown significantly as a means of providing clean energy to counteract the devastating effects of climate change. Reducing energy costs and pollution have been the primary causes of the rise in solar photovoltaic (PV) system integrations with the grid in recent years. A load that is locally connected to a GCPV requires both active and reactive power control. In order to control both active and reactive power, MAs and advanced controllers are essential. Researchers have used one of the recently developed MAs, known as the CAOA, which is based on mathematical arithmetic operators to tackle a few real-world optimization problems. Some disadvantages of CAOA include its natural tendency to converge to a local optimum and its limited capacity for exploration. By merging the PSO and CAOA methodologies, this article suggests the IAOA. To show how applicable IAOA is, its performance has been evaluated using four benchmark functions. The implementation of an IAOA-based ST-SMC for active and reactive power control is addressed in this article, which offers an innovative approach of research. In comparison to PSO-based ST-SMC and CAOA-based ST-SMC, the proposed IAOA-based ST-SMC appears to be superior, with settling time for active and reactive power control at a minimum of 0.01012 s and 0.5075 s. A real-time OPAL-RT 4510 simulator is used to validate the performance results of a 40 kW GCPV system after it has been investigated in the MATLAB environment.

Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman 11937 Jordan

Department of Electrical Engineering Graphic Era Dehradun 248002 India

Department of Electrical Engineering ITER Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Bhubaneswar Odisha India

ENET Centre VSB Technical University of Ostrava 708 00 Ostrava Czech Republic

Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun 248002 India

Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan

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A novel TID + IDN controller tuned with coatis optimization algorithm under deregulated hybrid power system

Optimal design of a novel modified electric eel foraging optimization (MEEFO) based super twisting sliding mode controller for controlling the speed of a switched reluctance motor

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Optimization of off-grid hybrid renewable energy systems for cost-effective and reliable power supply in Gaita Selassie Ethiopia